24/11/2021
Halitosis is a special term used to describe bad breath that originates in the oral cavity. Bad breath frequently causes embarrassment, which can affect social interactions between individuals. Bad breath can rank behind only caries and periodontal disease according to the reason for which patients visit the doctor, perception of bad breath varies among culturally diverse populations.
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+Periodontal and gum (gingival) disease related to plaque, such as gingivitis, periodontitis, acute ulcerative necrotizing gingivitis, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, abscess.
+ Ulcers due to malignancy, local causes, aphthous (apt) or drug effects.
+ Decreased salivation with age, due to drugs, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, Sjogren's syndrome.
+Tongue residue due to poor oral hygiene, candida infection.
+Deposition of debris on dental instruments (dentures, appliances, etc.)
+Bone diseases such as osteomyelitis, osteonecrosis, dry socket and malignancy
