15/10/2025
Keratoglobus is a rare corneal disorder in which the entire cornea becomes abnormally thin and more globular (round and bulging) in shape. It affects both eyes and can lead to severe vision problems and a high risk of corneal rupture.
🔬 Explanation
In keratoglobus, the corneal thinning is most pronounced from limbus to limbus (edge to edge) — unlike keratoconus, where thinning is central or paracentral.
Because the cornea is so thin and fragile, even minor trauma can cause corneal perforation.
The corneal curvature increases, making the eye appear more protruded.
⚠️ Causes / Associations
It may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired.
Associated with:
Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
Blue sclera
Leber’s congenital amaurosis
Rubella or connective tissue disorders
👁️ Clinical Features
Marked corneal thinning all over
Globular protrusion of the cornea
High myopia and irregular astigmatism → poor vision
Risk of corneal rupture even with slight pressure or injury
Munson’s sign may be absent (unlike in keratoconus)
🔎 Diagnosis
Slit-lamp examination: Shows generalized thinning and clear cornea.
Corneal topography: Confirms diffuse steepening and thinning pattern.
Pachymetry: Shows extremely low corneal thickness values.
💊 Management
Protective eyewear: To prevent trauma.
Rigid contact lenses or scleral lenses: To improve vision in mild cases.
Corneal cross-linking: Usually not effective due to extreme thinning.
Surgical options:
Lamellar or penetrating keratoplasty (corneal transplant) for advanced cases or rupture risk.
📌 Summary
Feature Keratoglobus
Thinning Generalized (limbus to limbus)
Shape Globular protrusion
Onset Congenital or acquired
Risk High risk of rupture
Treatment Protection, scleral lenses, keratoplasty
