03/11/2025
SHAME.
By Dr Marcel de Roos, Psychologist PhD, The Netherlands
www.marcelderoos.com
In the Lucky Luke (“the man who shoots faster than his shadow”) comic book “A cure for the Daltons”, the hilarious Austrian psychologist, Professor Dr. Otto von Himbeergeist goes to the United States’ Wild West, and tries to cure the notorious Dalton gang brothers from their criminal activities. He uses psychoanalysis where by means of asking a shame-evoking question about their childhood, the persons tell him their entire life story and they subsequently burst out in tears.
In the psychoanalytic literature, shame is often mentioned in the same breath as guilt. This, because both emotions are linked with the experience of emotional suffering and both can lead to enormous inhibitions. Guilt is what you actually have done (behaviour), while shame has to do with how you judge yourself as a person. When you feel guilty, you can try to correct aspects of what you have done, but with shame it’s almost impossible. Therefore shame is far more damaging than guilt.
In everyday life, there is often an overlap between shame and guilt. Many people get confused because they perceive that feeling about something, thinking and fantasising are the same as acting upon it. When you invent a perfect plan to rob a bank, you are of course not guilty. When you fantasise about having s*x with that person you saw in a shop you don’t have to feel shameful. When somebody feels guilty without shame, it signifies positive self-worth: “I can learn from my mistake and become a better person”. But feeling ashamed without guilt (you haven’t done anything) about having s*xual fantasies can be experienced as extremely self-deprecating: “I don’t have self-control regarding my low lusts”. When shame is dominant then the therapist focuses on the vulnerable and low self-image, and where it stems from in the client’s childhood.
Shame coexists with anger and hostility towards ourselves. As a result, shame tends to be disastrous: people show more non-constructive behaviour related to the management of their anger. Their sense of self-worth is extremely low and there is a strong relationship with depression. Shame is not a result of the actual gaze of another person to ourselves, but through our own gaze how we look at ourselves through the eyes of the other person. The eyes of the other person are nothing but the internalised images of the erstwhile gazes of our parents.
Abused women can experience shame because they realise that they can be beaten and scolded without consequences for the perpetrator. Some abused women stay with their partner, while some leave after the first slap. When you feel ashamed for being beaten up and the subsequent anger that is caused by shame, is being directed towards yourself in the form of self-devaluation, then you will experience the abuse as “justified”. Therefore it’s imperative that there is a safe and trustworthy therapeutic relationship with the therapist. The client should be able to feel safe enough to tell the real story (plus the root causes), without the risk of feeling humiliated again.
Psychodynamic therapy can uncover the unconscious shame that is manifested by overt inhibitions. Childhood memories can emerge about the poignant feelings related to traumatic experiences. Therapy can reduce the paralysing weight of shame and can result in a liberating effect, and the clients will be able to think and feel without the excruciating and debilitating shame.
Marcel de Roos psychologist with practice in Colombo Sri Lanka (corporate) coaching online counselling.