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Laboratorio de Señalización Molecular en Cáncer

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Laboratorio de Señalización Molecular en Cáncer

Información de contacto, mapa y direcciones, formulario de contacto, horario de apertura, servicios, puntuaciones, fotos, videos y anuncios de Laboratorio de Señalización Molecular en Cáncer, Medicina y salud, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City.

20/08/2025

Researchers in a new examine the influence that biological s*x exerts on the immune system and immune-related diseases.

Learn more: https://scim.ag/4fHbT9F

08/08/2025

Bystander Activation of CD4⁺ T Cells: Functional Implications👇

✅Effector and memory CD4⁺ T cells, including TH1, TH2, and TH17 subsets, can be activated independently of TCR engagement—a process known as bystander activation. This occurs in response to inflammatory cytokines and TLR (Toll-like receptor) agonists, such as LPS (lipopolysaccharide). Upon activation, these T cells produce effector cytokines like IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and others, which can significantly amplify immune responses during infections or contribute to tissue damage in autoimmune diseases.

✅Interestingly, naïve CD4⁺ T cells (TN) can also undergo bystander activation. Under the influence of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-18, and IL-27, these naïve cells can acquire immunomodulatory properties without TCR signaling. This form of activation often promotes immunosuppressive functions, potentially limiting autoimmunity and contributing to immune regulation.

✅The functional outcome of bystander activation varies depending on the T cell subset and the cytokine environment. While it can contribute to protective immunity, it also plays a role in autoimmune pathogenesis, depending on the context and balance of inflammatory versus regulatory signals.
💡Lee, HG., Cho, MJ. & Choi, JM. Bystander CD4+ T cells: crossroads between innate and adaptive immunity. Exp Mol Med 52, 1255–1263 (2020).

08/08/2025

Mechanisms of Drug Transport Across the Cell Membrane👇

✅(A) Clathrin-Mediated Transport
In clathrin-mediated drug transport, cell surface receptors recognize and bind to specific exogenous ligands, including drug molecules. This triggers the formation of clathrin-coated pits on the plasma membrane, which invaginate and pinch off to form vesicles. The process involves a complex interplay of proteins such as Rab GTPases and SNAREs, which coordinate vesicle formation, movement, and fusion within the cell.

✅(B) Caveolae-Mediated Transport
Caveolae-mediated transport is an alternative endocytic pathway involving small, bulb-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane called caveolae. These structures are approximately 50–60 nm in diameter and are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Their formation is driven by specific integral and peripheral membrane proteins, such as caveolins and cavins. This pathway is often utilized for the internalization of certain drugs or nanoparticles, particularly those that avoid lysosomal degradation.
💡Front. Pharmacol., 27 May 2020

Sec. Experimental Pharmacology and Drug Discovery

Volume 11 - 2020 | Membrane Trafficking and Subcellular Drug Targeting Pathways

27/07/2025

Altered Lipid Metabolism in Cancer Cells👇

✅Lipid Metabolic Network in Cancer
Cancer cells reprogram their lipid metabolism to support rapid proliferation and survival. This includes enhancing lipid import, export, catabolism, and de novo synthesis. The overall lipid metabolic network is shown in blue and involves fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and the biosynthesis of triglycerides (TGs) and phospholipids (PLs).

✅De Novo Lipid and Cholesterol Synthesis
Cancer cells use de novo pathways to synthesize necessary lipids. Citrate, a key metabolite derived from either glucose (via glycolysis) or glutamine (via glutaminolysis), serves as a common precursor. This supports both lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis, helping cancer cells generate the membrane components and signaling lipids they need.

✅Exogenous Cholesterol Uptake
To meet the high cholesterol demand, cancer cells also import cholesterol from external sources. Cholesterol is delivered by low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and taken up via receptor-mediated endocytosis.

✅Storage and Export of Excess Lipids
When cholesterol, PLs, and TGs accumulate in excess, cancer cells store them in lipid droplets (LDs) for later use or export them into circulation in the form of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). This mechanism helps balance lipid homeostasis in the tumor microenvironment.

✅Energy Production via Fatty Acid Oxidation
Exogenous fatty acids (FAs) absorbed by cancer cells are also used as an energy source. These FAs are broken down in the mitochondria through the FAO process, fueling the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and producing ATP.

✅TCA Cycle and α-Ketoglutarate (αKG)
The TCA cycle is central to energy metabolism and biosynthesis. α-Ketoglutarate (αKG), a key intermediate, links glutaminolysis to the TCA cycle and supports anabolic processes in cancer cells.
💡Beloribi-Djefaflia, S., Vasseur, S. & Guillaumond, F. Lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. Oncogenesis 5, e189 (2016).

21/07/2025

One in two people will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime, yet the role viruses play in the development of cancer was poorly understood before the work of three researchers who received the Nobel Prize 50 years ago.

David Baltimore and Howard Temin were lauded alongside Renato Dulbecco in 1975 "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell."

David Baltimore and Howard Temin built upon 1966 Nobel Prize laureate Peyton Rous’ discovery that a retrovirus can cause cancer in chickens, by studying how tumour-causing retroviruses replicate after they infect a healthy cell. They independently found that retroviruses, which are so called RNA-viruses, contain the blueprint for an unusual enzyme called reverse transcriptase that can make a copy of DNA from RNA. The ‘new’ DNA integrates with the infected host cell, transforming it into a cancer cell.

Although we now know that viruses rarely cause cancer, the groundbreaking work of Temin and Baltimore had a major impact on our understanding of cancer at the genetic level.

The laureates’ work has enhanced our understanding of cancer. Learn more about their work: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1975/press-release/

21/07/2025

Nature Reviews Cancer: This Review outlines the various contributions that regulatory T cells, present in the tumour microenvironment, make towards tumour progression and highlight the ways in which they represent attractive next-generation immunotherapeutic targets.

Link to the Review in the comments.

19/07/2025

Nature Reviews Microbiology: This Review explores the structural and functional diversity of antimicrobial peptides, their mechanisms of action, recent advances in their design and optimization, and their potential to address antimicrobial resistance.

Link to the Review in the comments.

17/07/2025

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology: In this Review, the authors discuss how diet shapes the gut microbiome, the role of diet–microbiome interactions on the immune, nervous and cardiometabolic systems, and implications for dietary guidelines and precision nutrition.

Link to the Review in the comments.

06/07/2025

The Vicious Cycle Between ER Stress and Mitochondrial ROS👇

✅Both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are key contributors to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells. These molecules are byproducts of normal cellular metabolism but can become harmful when produced in excess.

✅When ROS levels increase, the ER responds by releasing calcium ions (Ca²⁺) into the cytosol. This calcium can then be taken up by mitochondria, where it stimulates further ROS generation due to increased metabolic activity and electron transport chain stress.

✅This heightened mitochondrial ROS production feeds back to the ER, leading to additional ER stress and oxidative damage within the ER lumen. The accumulation of misfolded proteins and increased oxidative burden intensifies the cell's stress response.

✅As a result, a vicious feedback loop is established. ER stress contributes to oxidative stress, and in turn, oxidative stress further exacerbates ER dysfunction. This cycle plays a critical role in the development of several diseases, including neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders.

💡 For more info: Ong, G.; Logue, S.E. Unfolding the Interactions between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants 2023, 12, 981.

12/10/2024

BREAKING NEWS
The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institutet has today decided to award the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.

This year’s Nobel Prize honours two scientists for their discovery of a fundamental principle governing how gene activity is regulated.

The information stored within our chromosomes can be likened to an instruction manual for all cells in our body. Every cell contains the same chromosomes, so every cell contains exactly the same set of genes and exactly the same set of instructions. Yet, different cell types, such as muscle and nerve cells, have very distinct characteristics. How do these differences arise? The answer lies in gene regulation, which allows each cell to select only the relevant instructions. This ensures that only the correct set of genes is active in each cell type.

This year’s medicine laureates Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun were interested in how different cell types develop. They discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation. Their groundbreaking discovery revealed a completely new principle of gene regulation that turned out to be essential for multicellular organisms, including humans. It is now known that the human genome codes for over one thousand microRNAs. Their surprising discovery revealed an entirely new dimension to gene regulation. MicroRNAs are proving to be fundamentally important for how organisms develop and function.

Learn more
Press release: https://bit.ly/3BiM2o9
Advanced information: https://bit.ly/3N6vAtK

22/08/2024

🧐 ¿Qué son los linfocitos y por qué son tan importantes?

🧫🔬 Los linfocitos son un tipo especial de células de la sangre que actúan como guardianes de nuestro sistema inmunitario, defendiendo nuestro cuerpo de todo tipo de amenazas.

💪 Estas células forman parte de la respuesta inmunitaria adaptativa, es decir, un sistema de defensa altamente especializado que identifica y combate patógenos específicos, como bacterias y virus, de manera precisa y eficaz.

Existen tres tipos principales de linfocitos, cada uno con su propia misión:

🔹 Células B: Son las encargadas de producir anticuerpos, unas proteínas que se adhieren a los patógenos para neutralizarlos o señalarlos para que otras células los destruyan.

🔹 Células T: Se dividen en dos grandes grupos: las células T auxiliares (CD4+), que actúan como coordinadoras de la respuesta inmune, y las células T citotóxicas (CD8+), que se encargan de eliminar las células del cuerpo que han sido infectadas.

🔹 Células asesinas naturales (NK) (sí, se llaman así! 😜): Estas células son como "patrullas de emergencia" que eliminan de inmediato las células infectadas por virus o incluso las células cancerosas, sin necesidad de reconocer a un antígeno específico primero.

👮‍♀️👮‍♂️Los linfocitos se originan en la médula ósea y luego se distribuyen por la sangre y el sistema linfático, circulando por todo el cuerpo como vigilantes, siempre listos para detectar y eliminar cualquier amenaza.

¿Cuál de ellos te gusta más?😉

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Image credit: cellcartoons.net

30/04/2024

29 de abril; Día Internacional de Inmunología
🔬💉🩸🧬🦠🧪🐁👩‍⚕️👨‍⚕️👩‍🔬👨‍🔬🐇⚗️🛡🥼🦟

Dirección

Unidad De Investigación Médica En Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital De Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS
Mexico City
06720

Teléfono

+525556276900

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