Persatuan Perubatan Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah

03/03/2026

🦟 Dengue Vaccination: What Healthcare Professionals Should Know

📌Dengue remains a major public health challenge in many tropical countries, including Malaysia. With rising cases and cyclical outbreaks, prevention must go beyond vector control alone.
📌Vaccination is now an important additional tool in dengue prevention.

❇️What Is Dengue Vaccination?
📌Dengue vaccines are designed to reduce the risk of symptomatic dengue infection and severe disease, particularly hospitalisation
📌They complement, not replace, mosquito control and personal protective measures

📊 How Effective Is Dengue Vaccination?
Current dengue vaccines have shown:
📌Good overall effectiveness in reducing symptomatic dengue
📌Significant reduction in severe dengue and hospitalisation
📌Protection across individuals with or without prior dengue infection (depending on vaccine type)
Effectiveness may vary by:
♻️Age group
♻️Dengue serotype
♻️Local epidemiology

Importantly, vaccination aims to reduce disease severity and healthcare burden, not to eliminate dengue entirely

🧬 Which Dengue Strains Are Covered?
Dengue virus has four serotypes:
DENV-1
DENV-2
DENV-3
DENV-4

✅ Current dengue vaccines are tetravalent, meaning they are designed to provide protection against all four serotypes, which is crucial as infection with one serotype does not protect against the others.

🩺 Key Takeaway for Healthcare Providers
✔ Dengue vaccination is an adjunct preventive strategy
✔ It helps reduce severity, complications, and hospitalisation
✔ Best impact when combined with:
Vector control
Early diagnosis
Public education

24/02/2026

Heart Failure: Same syndrome, different strategy

Heart failure is not one-size-fits-all. Two major types we commonly talk about are:

HFrEF (Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction)
– EF ≤ 40%
– The heart’s pumping ability is weak (systolic dysfunction).
– Key treatments include the “four pillars”: ARNI, Beta-blockers, MRA, and SGLT2 inhibitors.

HFpEF (Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction)
– EF ≥ 50%
– The heart pumps normally but is stiff and doesn’t fill well (diastolic dysfunction).
– Management focuses on comorbidities, diuretics for symptoms, and SGLT2 inhibitors as an important therapy.

Recognizing the difference helps guide the right treatment and improve outcomes. 🫀

18/02/2026

Selamat datang Ramadan 🌙✨

Semoga Ramadan kali ini membawa keberkatan, keampunan, dan ketenangan jiwa buat kita semua.
Moga setiap doa diangkat, setiap amal digandakan, dan setiap langkah dipermudahkan.

17/02/2026

New year, new beginnings, new blessings.
Wishing everyone a joyful and prosperous Chinese New Year 🧨✨

08/02/2026

“Doctor, before admission he could walk…”

Deconditioning is something we often miss.
A short hospital stay can cost an older person their independence.

⚠️ Older patients lose:
🔹 Muscle strength
🔹 Balance
🔹 Confidence
🔹 Independence

💡 What helps? - Eat, Walk, Talk
✔ Early mobilization
✔ Avoid unnecessary bed rest
✔ Review catheters, lines & restraints
✔ Provide adequate nutrition
✔ Increase cognition engagement activities

Work together - Engage dietician, physiotherapy & occupational therapy (Multidisiplinary appraoch)

Further reading:
New horizons in hospital-associated deconditioning: A global condition of body and mind. (Carly Welch et al 2024)

08/02/2026

Quick guide on Management of Diabetes During Ramadan Fasting for HCP

🔍 1️⃣ Pre-Ramadan Assessment & Risk Stratification
All patients with diabetes should undergo pre-Ramadan evaluation, ideally 6–8 weeks before fasting.
Key components include:
📌Glycaemic control (HbA1c, glucose variability)
📌History of hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia
📌Type of diabetes therapy (oral agents, insulin)
📌Presence of complications (CKD, CVD, pregnancy, elderly)
📌Patient education and self-monitoring ability

✍️Patients should be stratified into low, moderate, or high risk, guiding fasting recommendations and management plans

💊 2️⃣ Medication & Insulin Adjustment
Changes in meal timing during Ramadan necessitate individualised dose and timing adjustments:
🔽Reduce or reschedule hypoglycaemia-prone agents
🔁Modify insulin regimens (basal, premix, bolus)
🔁Avoid unsupervised medication changes
📌 Adjustments should be planned and supervised to minimise fasting-related complications

📊 3️⃣ Glucose Monitoring During Fasting
Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG):
Does NOT invalidate fasting
Is strongly recommended for patient safety
Suggested monitoring times:
🩸Pre-suhoor
🩸Mid-day
🩸Pre-iftar
🩸Whenever symptoms occur
SMBG is essential for early detection and prevention of complications

⚠️ 4️⃣ Complications of Fasting in High-Risk Patients
High-risk patients who fast may develop:
🆘Severe hypoglycaemia
🆘Marked hyperglycaemia, DKA or HHS
🆘Dehydration and acute kidney injury
🆘Cardiovascular events, syncope, falls

⚠️ Fasting in high-risk individuals may cause significant harm and hospitalisation

🛑 5️⃣ When to Break the Fast
Patients must be clearly counselled to break the fast immediately if:
❌Blood glucose < 3.9 mmol/L
❌Blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L
❌Symptoms of hypoglycaemia, dizziness, confusion, or weakness occur

Patient safety takes precedence over continuation of fasting

✅ Key Takeaway
Fasting during Ramadan for patients with diabetes should be:
✔ Planned
✔ Individualised
✔ Monitored
✔ Safety-driven

Safe fasting is achieved through shared decision-making between clinicians and patients, supported by education and structured follow-up.

07/02/2026

Same ward. Same patients. Very different generations doctors

👴 Baby Boomers “Clinical judgement comes from years of ward rounds and instincts.”

📟 Gen X “Let me check the guideline… and my experience.”

📱 Millennials / Gen Y “I’ve got the guideline, calculator, and evidence summary on my phone.”

🤖 Gen Alpha “Hi chat gpt, list out principle of management…

Different eras. Different tools. One mission: better patient care

Because in medicine, wisdom ages well… and innovation keeps us awake during on-call.

Hangpa generasi mana?

Share your POV😄

05/02/2026

WE ARE GETTING FATTER!!

📊 Malaysia’s Obesity Reality Check

The latest National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023 confirms a worrying trend: more than half of Malaysian adults (54.4%) are now overweight or obese, marking a significant rise over the past decade

💥 Why This Matters
📍 Excess adiposity isn’t just about weight; it’s linked to insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, and a cascade of health burdens that drive morbidity and healthcare costs. It’s a chronic, relapsing condition

📌 WHO’s Latest Guidance

In December 2025, the World Health Organization released its first global guideline on obesity care, recognizing obesity as a chronic disease requiring lifelong, comprehensive management.

🩺 What This Means for Healthcare Workers
👉 Recognize obesity as a treatable chronic disease, not just a “willpower problem.”
👉 Engage in compassionate, evidence-based discussions about weight, health risks, and management options with patients.
👉 Advocate for multidisciplinary care (nutrition, physical activity support, psychology, pharmacotherapy, surgery when appropriate).
👉 Support early screening, prevention, and tailored treatment plans to reduce the burden of associated conditions

30/01/2026

Welcome our new committee.
#2026

20/10/2025

30/08/2025

Selamat menyambut hari kemerdekaan dan hari Malaysia 2025!