20/03/2026
Tuberculosis
TB is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
It mainly affects the lungs, but it can also affect the brain, spine, kidneys, and other parts of the body.
🔴 Common symptoms of TB
Persistent cough lasting more than 2–3 weeks
Coughing up sputum or blood
Chest pain
Difficulty breathing
Fever (especially in the evening)
Night sweats
Weight loss without trying
Loss of appetite
Weakness and tiredness
🟠 Symptoms when TB affects other parts of the body
Spine TB → back pain, stiffness
Brain TB → headache, confusion, vomiting
Kidney TB → blood in urine
Lymph node TB → swelling in neck or armpit
⚠️ Danger signs
Cough for more than 2 weeks
Coughing blood
Severe weight loss
Continuous fever
Night sweats every night
-Causes:
- Airborne transmission
- Close contact with an infected person
Prevention
- Vaccination
- Practice good hygiene (e.g., covering mouth when coughing)
- Early diagnosis and treatment
Cure
TB is curable
Treatment is done with special antibiotics for 6 months or more, and it must be completed to avoid complications.
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