JUBO Diagnostics

05/02/2021

Double blood bag available for sale.
For whole blood and plasma separation.
Expiration date: June 2022.
Contact us for price and purchase

05/02/2021

01/10/2017

04/08/2017

Seven (7) Risks Factors of Hypertension
A risk factor is any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease.
Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure.
Systolic Diastolic
Normal blood pressure 120 80
Prehypertension 121-139 81-89
Stage 1 hypertension 140-159 90-99
Stage 2 hypertension 160 100
Hypertensive crisis 180 110
*From American Heart Association*

*Age
As we grow older, our blood vessels tends to lose some of their elastic quality, which can in turn increase blood pressure

*Family History
Genetic factors likely play some role in high blood pressure, heart disease, and other related conditions, so if parents and close relatives have hypertension, there is an increased chance you will get it too.

*Obesity/being overweight
The more you weigh the more blood you need to supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. As the volume of blood circulated through your blood vessels increases, so does the pressure on your artery walls.

*Lack of exercise
It has been proven that lack of exercise, or a sedentary lifestyle, can lead to heart disease.
Leading a sedentary lifestyle can increase risk of dying from heart disease by 52 percent for men and 28 percent for women.
Exercise increases circulation, helps clear arteries, lubricates joints and promotes well-being.

*Using to***co
Not only does smoking or chewing to***co immediately raise your blood pressure temporarily, but the chemicals in to***co can damage the lining of your artery walls. This can cause your arteries to narrow, increasing your blood pressure. Secondhand smoke also can increase your blood pressure.
The ni****ne in to***co products spur the nervous system to release chemicals that can constrict blood vessels and contribute to high blood pressure.

*Alcohol abuse
Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure to unhealthy levels. Having more than three drinks in one sitting temporarily increases your blood pressure, but repeated binge drinking can lead to long-term increases.
Keep in mind that alcohol contains calories and may contribute to unwanted weight gain — a risk factor for high blood pressure. Also, alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness and increase the side effects of some blood pressure medications.

*Stress
Stress is a normal part of life. But too much stress can lead to emotional, psychological and even physical problems - including heart disease, high blood pressure, chest pains or irregular heart beats
Medical researchers aren’t sure exactly how stress increases the risk of heart disease. Stress itself might be a risk factor or it could be that high levels of stress make other risk factors worse (such as high cholesterol or high blood pressure). For example, if you are under stress, your blood pressure goes up, you may overeat, you may exercise less and you may be more likely to smoke, it could be because chronic stress exposes your body to unhealthy, persistently elevated levels of stress hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol.

*Others are:
-Race: Blacks are more likely to develop Hypertension than Whites.
-Too much salt-rich, processed and fatty foods in your diet.
-Certain chronic diseases and medications.
-Etc.

23/07/2017

WHY PEOPLE WITH THE HEMOGLOBIN GENOTYPE AA ARE MORE PRONE TO MALARIA
It has been observed that some people repeatedly go down with malaria more than others.
Some thought they are down due to spiritual attack from their village.
Malaria is a serious disease, which in the worst case may be fatal. It’s widespread in tropical and subtropical areas of mainly Sub-Saharan
Africa and South America.
From a global viewpoint, malaria constitutes an enormous health problem, with an estimated 200 million plus new cases a year and more than half a million deaths.
Malaria is a risk for 97% of Nigeria’s population.
There are an estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year in Nigeria.

Research have shown that there is a relationship between genotype of an individual and the rate of malaria infection.
According to an assessment carried out at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria where children were screened for malaria parasitemia -falciparum malaria, blood group, hemoglobin genotypes.
Children with genotype AA (92.3%) were more susceptible to Malaria Parasite than AS (5.1%) and SS (2.6%).

People with the hemoglobin genotype AA are more prone to Malaria because:
>Malaria parasites have a high rate of oxygen consumption and ingest large amounts of hemoglobin, during the peripheral blood stage of replication. This makes the AA blood more conducive and malaria parasite thrives better in it.
>It is also observed that AA red blood cells have normal hemoglobin (both in structure and quantity) meaning a higher oxygen binding capacity -fueling the parasite’s replication process.

Research have also shown that being a sickle cell carrier such as haemoglobin genotype AS confers some protection against malaria parasite.
This is because, the Malaria Parasite (M.P) has a complex lifecycle and spends part of it in the Red blood cells.
In a sickle cell carrier, the presence of Malaria Parasite causes the Red blood cell with defective (abnormal) hemoglobin to rupture prematurely making the parasite unable to reproduce.
Further, the polymerization of hemoglobin affects the ability of the parasite to digest it in the first place. Therefore, in areas where malaria is a problem, people’s chances of survival actually increase if they carry sickle cell trait.
Abnormal hemoglobin AS red blood cells adhere to the parasite infected red cells much less readily than do the normal red cells AA.
The protective effect of sickle-cell trait does NOT apply to people with sickle cell disease-SS (the sufferers).
in fact they are more vulnerable to malaria, since the most common cause of painful crises in malarial countries is infection with malaria.

No vaccine has been approved to prevent malaria yet.

RECOMMENDATIONS
It’s recommended that all haemoglobin genotype individuals (AA, AS, SS) should take preventive measures for malaria
>Pregnant women and infants are discouraged by the World Health Organisation from travelling to malarious regions, because malaria increases the risk of abortion, premature birth, still-birth and maternal death.
>Always use mosquito repellent, such as cream and insecticide spray for all living and sleeping areas.
>Sleep under Insecticide-treated mosquito net, air condition, etc.
>It is recommended that people with sickle-cell disease living in malarial countries should receive anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis for life.
Consult your health care provider as soon as possible for diagnosis and treatment when infected with malaria.
>Always Follow your doctors prescription carefully.
>It’s also recommended that malaria testing should be done by a certified medical laboratory scientist in a Medical Laboratory to properly identify the particular specie of malaria parasite for effective treatment.

from: CHRIS CHUKWU

17/07/2017

What to know about hepatitis B

A man once volunteered to donate blood to his family member who needed blood transfusion. After doing all the necessary checks, the man was told that he was not qualified to do so and was asked to see the doctor for further examination.
On getting to the doctor, he was told he had hepatitis B. He was given medications and managed for six months. After that period, a repeat test was done twice and both came out negative.
The doctor first congratulated the patient, saying his own immune system got rid of the virus, and that his condition was called acute hepatitis.
A hepatitis B infection can result in either an acute infection or a chronic infection. When a person is first infected with the hepatitis B virus, it is called an “acute infection” (or a new infection).
Most healthy adults infected do not have any symptoms and are able to get rid of the virus without any problems. Some are, however, unable to get rid of the virus after six months and they are diagnosed as having a “chronic infection.” A simple blood test can diagnose an acute or chronic hepatitis B infection.
Hepatitis B is a global public health threat and the world’s most common liver infection. It is up to 100 times more infectious than the HIV/AIDS virus. It is deadly because the hepatitis B virus attacks and injures the liver. Two billion people, basically one in three people, have been infected worldwide.

Diagnosis
Seeking medical attention if one doesn’t feel well or if one is uncertain about whether or not if one has been infected with hepatitis B. A simple hepatitis B blood test can easily diagnose whether or one has an infection. Testing is the only way to know for sure if one is infected.

Symptoms
Hepatitis B is called a “silent infection” because most people do not have any symptoms when they are first infected. Thus, they can unknowingly pass the virus to others and continue the silent spread of hepatitis B.
The common symptoms are fever, fatigue, unexplained weakness, muscle pain, joint pain, loss of appetite, mild nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, pale or light-coloured stools and dark-coloured urine. Serious symptoms that require immediate medical attention are severe nausea and vomiting, yellow eyes and skin (called “jaundice”), bloated or swollen stomach.

Transmission
The hepatitis B virus is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids. This can most commonly occur in the following ways: Direct contact with infected blood, unprotected s*x, use of illicit drugs, needles that are contaminated or not sterile, from an infected woman to her newborn during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Also, body piercing, tattooing, acupuncture and even nail salons are other potential routes of infection unless sterile needles and equipment are used. In addition, sharing sharp instruments such as razors, toothbrushes, nail clippers, earrings and body jewellery can be a source of infection. Hepatitis B is NOT transmitted casually. It cannot be spread through toilet seats, doorknobs, and sneezing, coughing, hugging or eating meals with someone who is infected.

Prevention
Everyone should be tested; if they have not been infected and have not received the hepatitis B vaccine then they should also start the vaccination immediately. In addition to vaccination, there are other simple ways to help to stop the spread of the virus. These are:
Washing of hands with soap and water after any potential exposure to blood;
Use of condoms with multiple s*xual partners, Non-direct contact with blood and bodily fluids.
Also, clean up blood spills with a fresh diluted bleach solution (mix one part bleach with nine parts water),
Cover all wounds carefully,
Avoid sharing sharp items such as razors, nail clippers, toothbrushes, and earrings or body rings.
Discard sanitary napkins and tampons into plastic bags,
Using new sterile needles for tattoos and acupuncture.
Copied from Dr Rotimi Adesanya

16/06/2017

Did you know that groundnut and popcorn aids digestion and helps treat indigestion/constipation?
What is the local name of groundnut and popcorn?

23/04/2017

12/01/2017

White blood cells are vital components of the blood. Their role is to fight infection, and they are essential for health and well-being.
If a person has a high white blood cell count, it may indicate that they have an infection and that the immune system is working to destroy it. It may also be a sign that the person is experiencing physical or emotional stress . People with particular blood cancers may also have high white blood cells counts.
A low white blood cell count can signal that something is destroying the cells faster than they are being made, or that the body is producing too few of them.

White blood cells account for approximately 1 percent of the total blood cells, and they are essential to normal immune function. White blood cells are also known as leukocytes.
The white blood cells have a very important function in protecting the body from attack. This can be from bacteria, viruses, or other foreign substances that the body sees as some kind of threat.
White blood cells are continuously produced in the bone marrow and kept ready within the blood and lymphatic systems until they are needed.
Most people will produce large numbers of white blood cells, around 100 billion per day, although this can vary according to a person's race.
There are several different types of white blood cells, each with varying responsibilitie
s:
Lymphocytes are vital for producing antibodies that help the body to defend itself against bacteria, viruses, and other perceived threats
Neutrophils are powerful white blood cells that destroy bacteria and fungi
Basophils alert the body to infections by secreting chemicals into the bloodstream, mostly to combat allergies
Eosinophils are responsible for destroying parasites and cancer cells, and they are part of an allergic response
Monocytes are responsible for attacking and breaking down germs or bacteria that enter a person's body.

An increase in white blood cells typically occurs in response to the following conditions:
Infection
Immunosuppression
Medications such as corticosteroids
A bone marrow or immune disorder
Certain cancers such as acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Inflammation such as that experienced with rheumatoid arthritis
Injury
Emotional stress
Labor
Pregnancy
Smoking
Allergic reactions
Excessive exercising
Certain respiratory illnesses, such as whooping cough or tuberculosis may cause the levels of white blood cells to increase.

Sometimes, there is no identifiable cause for the rise in white blood cells. This can lead to serious complications, such as heart, lung, liver, skin, and nervous system damage, with symptoms such as:
Weight loss
Fevers
Night sweats
Fatigue
Coughing
Chest pain
Swelling
Stomach ache
Skin rash
Pain
Weakness
Confusion
Coma

A blood test can be used to assess the white blood cell count, and other tests will be needed to pinpoint the exact cause of the problem
#

01/01/2017

Happy New Year

20/12/2016

FULL TEXT OF PROSTATE HEALTH AWARENESS LECTURE PRESENTED AT A MEETING

MEN - MY CHILDHOOD; MY MANHOOD; MY PROSTATE.. MUST READ!!

Ladies and Gentlemen

I am here to speak with you on Prostate. The topic is misleading. Is prostate strictly for men? Yes, ONLY men have prostate and ONLY men over 40years but the healthcare enlightenment is for everyone. There is no woman who does not know a man 40 years and above – father, uncle, brother, son, friend, neighbor, colleague …

Essentially what I will be doing today is health promotion. Responsible health promotion must provide three things:

1. Information
2. Reassurance
3. A plan of action.

Let me start with a background on prostate health.
Everyone has a pair of kidneys. The job of the kidney is to remove waste. It is the LAWMA (waste management company) of your body. Everyday your blood passes through the kidney several times to be filtered. As the blood is filtered, urine is formed and stored in a temporary storage tank called the urinary bladder.

If there were to be no urinary bladder, as a man walks on the road, urine will be dropping.
Now think of the plumbing work in your house. Think of the urinary bladder as the overhead storage tank. From the storage tank, a good plumber will run pipes to other parts of the house, including the kitchen. God in His wisdom ran pipes from our urinary bladder to the tip of the p***s. The pipe is called the urethra. Just below the bladder and surrounding the urethra is a little organ called the prostate gland.

The prostate gland is the size of a walnut and weighs about 20grams. Its job is to make the seminal fluid which is stored in the seminal vesicle. During s*xual in*******se, seminal fluid comes down the urethra and mixes with the s***ms produced in the testicles to form the semen. So semen technically is not s***m. It is s***m + seminal fluid. The seminal fluid lubricates the s***m.

After age 40, for reasons that may be hormonal, the prostate gland begins to enlarge. From 20 grams it may grow to almost 100 grams. As it enlarges, it squeezes the urethra and the man begins to notice changes in the way he urinate.

If you have a son under 10, if he has a little mischief like we all did at that age, when he comes out to urinate, he can target the ceiling and the jet will hit target. Call his father to do same, wahala dey. His urine stream is weak, cannot travel a long distance and sometimes may come straight down on his legs. So he may need to stand in awkward position to urinate.

Not many men will be worried their urine stream cannot hit the ceiling. Toilets are on the floor and not on the ceiling. But other symptoms begin to show.

TERMINAL DRIPPLING:
The man begins to notice that after urinating and repacking, urine still drops on his pants. This is the reason why after an older man urinates, he has to ring bell. A younger man simply delivers to the last drop and walks away. Just see an older man coming from the bathroom. Sometimes he may clutch the newspaper closely to hide the urine stains, particularly on plain colored trousers.

HESISTANCY
At this point you wait longer for the urine flow to start. There are 2 valves that must open for you to urinate – the internal and external sphincters. Both open but because of obstructions in the urethra, you wait long for the flow to start.

INCOMPLETE EMPTYING
You have this feeling immediately after urinating that there is still something left.

As all these things happen, the bladder begins to work harder to compensate for the obstruction in the urethra. The frequency of urination goes up. Urgency sets in. sometimes you have to practically run into the toilet. Nocturia also becomes common. You wake up more than 2 times at night to urinate. Your wife begins to complain.

Men being men may not talk to anyone even at this point. Then the more serious complications start.
Stored urine gets infected and there may be burning sensation when urinating.

Stored urine forms crystals. Crystals come together to form stone either in the bladder or in the kidney. Stones may block the urethra.
Chronic urinary retention sets in. The bladder stores more and more urine. The size of the bladder is 40 - 60 cl. A bottle of coke is 50cl. As the bladder stores more urine it can enlarge up to 300cl. An overfilled bladder may leak and this leads to wetting / urinary incontinence. Also the volume may put pressure on the kidney and may lead to kidney damage.
What may likely bring the man to hospital is acute urinary retention. He wakes up one day and he is not able to pass urine.

Everything I have described above is associated with prostate enlargement, technically called benign prostate hyperplasia.

There are other diseases of the prostate like:
1. Prostatitis – inflammation of the prostate
2. Prostate cancer – cancer of the prostate.

This discussion is on prostate enlargement.

I have bad news and good news.

The bad news is that everyman will have prostate enlargement if he lives long enough.
The good news is that there are life style changes that can help the man after 40 to maintain optimum prostate health.

Nutrition
Look at what you eat. 33% of all cancers, according to the US National Cancer Institute is related to what we eat.
Red meat everyday triples your chances of prostate disease. Milk everyday doubles your risk. Not taking fruits / vegetables daily quadruples your risk.

Tomatoes are very good for men. If that is the only thing your wife can present in the evening, eat it with joy. It has loads of lycopene. Lycopene is the most potent natural antioxidant.
Foods that are rich in zinc are also good for men. We recommend pumpkin seeds (ugbogulu).
Zinc is about the most essential element for male s*xuality and fertility.

Men need more zinc than women. Every time a man ej******es he loses 15mg of zinc. Zinc is also important for alcohol metabolism. Your liver needs zinc to metabolize alcohol.

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
As men begin to have urinary symptoms associated with prostate enlargement, it is important they look at alcohol consumption. More fluid in means more fluid out.

Drink less. Drink slowly.

EXERCISE
Exercise helps build the muscle tone. Every man should exercise. Men over 40 should avoid high impact exercise like jogging. It puts pressure on the knees. Cycling is bad news for the prostate. We recommend brisk walking.

SITTING
When we sit, two-third of our weight rests on the pelvic bones. Men who sit longer are more prone to prostate symptoms. Do not sit for long hours. Walk around as often as you can. Sit on comfortable chairs. We recommend a divided saddle chair if you must sit long hours.

DRESSING
Men should avoid tight underwear. It impacts circulation around the groin and heats it up a bit. While the physiological temperature is 37 degrees, the groin has an optimal temperature of about 33 degrees. Pant is a no - no for men. Wear boxers. Wear breathable clothing.

SMOKING
Avoid smoking. It affects blood vessels and impact circulation around the groin.

S*X
Regular s*x is good for the prostate.

Celibates are more prone to prostate illness. While celibacy is a moral decision, it is not a biological adaptation. Your prostate gland is designed to empty its contents regularly.

Thought: when someone shared something of value with you and benefit from it.
You have a moral obligation to share it with others because someone in your friends list might be saved.