Regional kompetansetjeneste om vold og seksuelle overgrep mot barn og unge

17/10/2024

Nature Reviews Psychology (2024)

https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-024-00362-5

Revisiting the use of adverse childhood experience screening in healthcare settings

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are key modifiable risk factors for mental illness. The potential to detect and mitigate ACEs to improve population mental health has led to large public health efforts. However, basing public mental health decisions on ACE screening has revealed several conspicuous challenges. In this Review, we provide a critical overview of these challenges, focusing on the validity of ACE screening measures, their accuracy in classifying individuals at risk for poor mental health outcomes, their utility in facilitating the delivery of targeted interventions, their acceptability by respondents and interviewers, and the overall financial sustainability of this screening approach. There are clear research opportunities to address these challenges and improve current practices. For example, basic measurement research could improve the validity and acceptability of ACE measures, individual risk modelling approaches could be adopted to improve the accuracy of ACE screening to predict mental health conditions and guide intervention selection, and promising interventions could be tested to ensure that vulnerable individuals detected through ACE screening receive effective support.



Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-024-00362-5

Screening for adverse childhood experiences can improve mental health outcomes through personalized treatments in at-risk individuals or preventative strategies at the population level. In this Review, Danese et al. synthesize the challenges and opportunities of these screening measures and related....

26/07/2024

Viktig at barneleger engasjerer seg og blir engasjerte i forebygging av barnemishandling saker!

The Pediatrician’s Role in Preventing Child Maltreatment: Clinical Report
John Stirling, MD, FAAP; Amy Gavril, MD, MSCI, FAAP; Brian Brennan, MD, FAAP; Robert D. Sege, MD, PhD, FAAP; Howard Dubowitz, MD, MS, FAAP; American Academy of Pediatrics, COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
Pediatricians have always seen the value of preventing health harms; this should be no less true for child maltreatment than for disease or unintentional injuries. Research continues to demonstrate that maltreatment can be prevented, underscoring the vital roles of both the family and society in healthy childhood development and the importance of strong, stable, nurturing relationships in preventing maltreatment and building the child’s resilience to adversity. This clinical report elaborates the pediatrician’s multitiered role in supporting relational health from infancy through adolescence, from universal interventions assessing for maltreatment risks and protective factors to targeted interventions addressing identified needs and building on strengths. When maltreatment has already occurred, interventions can prevent further victimization and mitigate long-term sequelae. Advice is provided on engaging community resources, including those that provide food, shelter, or financial support for families in need.

Link:

Pediatricians have always seen the value of preventing health harms; this should be no less true for child maltreatment than for disease or unintentional injuries. Research continues to demonstrate that maltreatment can be prevented, underscoring the vital roles of both the family and society in hea...

10/06/2024

https://psykologtidningen.se/2024/06/04/foraldraalienation-ar-pseudovetenskap/?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR0AqlcXKa2sWkZT2k-glImdG6n4iVIoOrFGRP_OgbQPhmi7VNcJPwCwHfI_aem_AVoQlTnxlh1mSuSy6occ7d--drWVHE2Gkk0EQ6DyOSlNDyFZVpsbuyHYnI2jtWWcwKC5Ib5z260nlGAxs6MXVfzf

Psykologer ska inte skapa oreda med pseudovetenskapliga begrepp, skriver 13 professorer och psykologer.

18/03/2024

Tirsdag 30. januar lanserte vi rapporten «Digitale seksuelle overgrep mot barn og unge – gjerningspersoner og fornærmede». Program Velkommen ved Gertrud Hafstad, forskningsleder ved NKVTS Per Moum Hellevik: overordnet introduksjon Lars Roar Frøyland: Dommer for digitale seksuelle overgrep mot ...

18/03/2024

Som fagperson vil du møte vold- og overgrepsutsatte i akutte, farefylte situasjoner. Da må du vurdere plikt til å avverge. Plikten går foran taushetsplikten.

18/03/2024

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-024-01779-y

The neurobiological effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function, and attachment
Akemi Tomoda, S***a Nish*tani, Shinichiro Takiguchi, Takashi X. Fujisawa, Toshiro Sugiyama & Martin H. Teicher

Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for psychopathologies, and influences brain development at specific periods, particularly during early childhood and adolescence. This narrative review addresses phenotypic alterations in sensory systems associated with specific types of childhood maltreatment exposure, periods of vulnerability to the neurobiological effects of maltreatment, and the relationships between childhood maltreatment and brain structure, function, connectivity, and network architecture; psychopathology; and resilience. It also addresses neurobiological alterations associated with maternal communication and attachment disturbances, and uses laboratory-based measures during infancy and case–control studies to elucidate neurobiological alterations in reactive attachment disorders in children with maltreatment histories. Moreover, we review studies on the acute effects of oxytocin on reactive attachment disorder and maltreatment and methylation of oxytocin regulatory genes. Epigenetic changes may play a critical role in initiating or producing the atypical structural and functional brain alterations associated with childhood maltreatment. However, these changes could be reversed through psychological and pharmacological interventions, and by anticipating or preventing the emergence of brain alterations and subsequent psychopathological risks.

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00406-024-01779-y

Childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for psychopathologies, and influences brain development at specific periods, particularly during early childhood and adolescence. This narrative review addresses phenotypic alterations in sensory systems associated with specific types of childhood maltreatment...

15/02/2024

Artikkelen viser hvordan fortsettelsesvold etter samlivsbrudd fører til helsebelastninger, dårlig livskvalitet og utstøting fra arbeidslivet for voldsutsatte mødre. Artikkelen bygger på 46 intervjuer med voldsutsatte mødre. Den viser hvordan fortsatt ...

14/02/2024

Pediatrics

e2023063611.

https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-063611



How is Parental Mental Health a Risk for Child Maltreatment?

Gabriel Otterman, MD, MPH, PhD; Suzanne Haney, MD, MS



The placement of a child into out-of-home care (OHC) by child protective services can be considered an indicator of child maltreatment, be it abuse or neglect. Children who experience abuse or neglect have a significantly increased risk for long-term medical and mental health complications from living with toxic stress; advances in developmental sciences point out a public health imperative of securing a consistently safe, stable, and nurturing environment for every child.1 Globally, studies from high-income countries reveal high and increasing rates of placement of children into OHC. These trends are worse in children from historically marginalized backgrounds. However, there are no clear data to support that placement into OHC is actually an effective long-term intervention for child maltreatment.



Link: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/doi/10.1542/peds.2023-063611/196595

20/01/2024

Også utvidet familie påvirker.

20/01/2024

20/01/2024

Caroline og Roger mistet brått sønnen Kasper. En frivillig undersøkelse av stedet han døde, hjalp dem i sorgen og å finne svar.

10/01/2024

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
2024, 21(1), 20;
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21010020

Child Maltreatment Types by Age: Implications for Prevention
Kate Guastaferro and Stacey L. Shipe

Abstract
Child maltreatment is a global public health issue known to affect an average of 600,000 U.S. children of all ages (0–18 years old) annually. However, a preponderance of preventive programs target children on the younger end of the spectrum, specifically those aged 0–5. Annual reports of the prevalence of maltreatment provide opportunities to analyze trends, but in 2009, these reports stopped reporting the ages of victims for each type of maltreatment (i.e., neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse). This omission limits the ability to match (or design) prevention programs responsive to the ages of those at greatest risk. Using data from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) from 2011–2020, this secondary data analysis describes trends for four types of maltreatment by age from an epidemiological perspective. Implications for practice (i.e., prevention) and policy are presented. The findings of this study offer the first step in what is hoped to be a line of research that seeks to identify, match, and/or develop evidence-based programs to prevent child maltreatment among the populations at highest risk.

Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/1/20

Child maltreatment is a global public health issue known to affect an average of 600,000 U.S. children of all ages (0–18 years old) annually. However, a preponderance of preventive programs target children on the younger end of the spectrum, specifically those aged 0–5. Annual reports of the pre...