13/01/2026
➡️Cervical flexion posture during smartphone use was not a risk factor for NP or frequency of NP, but low sleep quality and insufficient levels of physical activity were.
This 12-month longitudinal study followed 457 pain-free adults aged 18 to 65, with 396 participants completing follow-up. Cervical flexion during smartphone use was objectively measured at baseline using a CROM device in both sitting and standing positions while texting. Neck pain prevalence and frequency were reassessed one year later.
The findings showed that cervical flexion posture during smartphone use, often referred to as text neck, did not increase the risk of developing neck pain, nor did it influence how frequently neck pain occurred. This was consistent across both sitting and standing postures.
In contrast, lifestyle factors played a meaningful role. Participants with low sleep quality had a significantly higher risk of developing neck pain, as did those with insufficient levels of physical activity.
Overall, the study suggests that neck pain risk is more closely linked to sleep and activity behaviours than to cervical posture during smartphone use.
Author:
Correia, I.M.T. et al.
PMID:
40845624