22/09/2025
For Awareness🤩🤩🤩
Kawasaki disease
❇️ Kawasaki Disease: Acute, febrile, vasculitis affecting medium-sized arteries (especially coronary arteries).
Most common in children < 5 years, especially Asian descent (Japanese children).
🔹 Pathophysiology
✔️ Immune-mediated vasculitis affecting medium-sized vessels.
✔️ Inflammation of coronary arteries → Aneurysm formation & thrombosis risk.
🔹 Clinical Features (CRASH and Burn)
C - Conjunctivitis (Bilateral, non-purulent)
R - Rash (Polymorphous, often desquamating)
A - Adenopathy (Cervical lymphadenopathy, usually unilateral)
S - Strawberry tongue (Oral mucositis, red lips, pharyngeal erythema)
H - Hands and feet changes (Edema, erythema, desquamation)
Burn - Fever (> 5 days, unresponsive to antipyretics)
🔹 Diagnosis
✔️ Clinical diagnosis: Fever for ≥5 days + ≥4 of the CRASH symptoms.
✔️ Lab Findings:
↑ ESR/CRP, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis (late stage).
Sterile pyuria (increased WBCs in urine).
✔️ Echocardiography (to assess coronary artery involvement).
🔹 Treatment
✔️ IVIG (Intravenous immunoglobulin) (first-line; within 10 days of illness).
✔️ Aspirin (high-dose for acute inflammation, then low-dose for antiplatelet effect).
✔️ Corticosteroids (refractory cases).
🔹 Complications
✔️ Coronary artery aneurysms (risk highest during subacute phase).
✔️ Myocardial infarction (due to thrombosis or stenosis).
✔️ Heart failure.
