15/02/2026
Gestational diabetes (GD)
☘️Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth but women who have had it are more likely to develop gestational diabetes again in future pregnancies and /or have type 2 diabetes .
☘️It can happens at any stage of pregnancy but it more common in the second or third trimester.
☘️The exact cause of GDM is unclear and there’s a lot we don’t know. But we do know that the placenta's hormones, which support the baby's growth can sometimes block the mother’s insulin leading to insulin resistance. This makes it harder for the body to use insulin effectively, requiring the mother to produce more. If the body can't produce enough insulin during pregnancy, glucose remains in the blood, leading to high blood glucose .
☘️Risk factors for gestational diabetes include :
- Being overweight or obese.
- Not being physically active.
- Having prediabetes.
- Having had gestational diabetes during an earlier pregnancy.
- Having a hormone condition called polycystic o***y syndrome.
- Having a parent or sibling with diabetes.
- Having delivered a baby weighing more than 9 pounds (4.1 kilograms).
☘️Symptoms of gestational diabetes :
1-frequent urination.
2-Excessive thirst.
3-Tiredness.
4-Nausea.
☘️ If you have one or more risk factors for gestational diabetes you should be offered tests include.
🔹Glucose challenge test (GCT) the screening test.
- no fasting.
-drink 50gm of glucose.
-Measure blood glucose after one hour.
- A high result (over 140 mg/dL) doesn't diagnose diabetes but means a longer, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is needed for diagnosis.
- normal results mean no further testing is required for diabetes.
🔹Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) the diagnostic test.
- fasting required.
-drink 100gm glucose.
- measured Blood glucose after
Fasting , 1hour , 2 hour, 3 hour.
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