Shafi Medical Laboratory

28/06/2025

تصویر بچوں کی ہنگامی دیکھ بھال اور تربیت پر توجہ مرکوز کرنے والے پروگرام یا اقدام کو فروغ دیتی ہے، اس بات پر زور دیتے ہوئے:

بچوں کے مریضوں پر توجہ مرکوز کریں:

اس پروگرام کا مقصد افراد کو بچوں کی زندگی میں تبدیلی لانے کے لیے تیار کرنا ہے، خاص طور پر ہنگامی حالات میں۔

مہارت میں اضافہ اور اعتماد سازی:

شرکاء اپنی طبی مہارتوں کو بڑھا سکتے ہیں اور بچوں کی ہنگامی دیکھ بھال میں اپنے اعتماد کو بڑھا سکتے ہیں۔

پیڈیاٹرک ایمرجنسی چیمپئن بننا:

حتمی مقصد افراد کو اس میدان میں بہتر بنانے کے لیے بااختیار بنانا ہے۔

13/04/2025

فامیلا انجکشن (Famila injection) ایک مانع حمل (contraceptive) انجکشن ہے جس میں عام طور پر ہارمونی دوائی (مانند Medroxyprogesterone acetate150mg/ml) شامل ہوتی ہیں، جو بیضہ دانی (ovulation) کو روکتی ہیں اور حمل سے بچاتی ہیں۔ اس کے استعمال کے بعد ماہواری میں تبدیلیاں آنا ایک عام اور ممکنہ سائیڈ ایفیکٹ ہے۔
ماہواری رکنے کی وجہ:
فامیلا انجکشن ہارمونز کی سطح کو تبدیل کرتا ہے، جس سے رحم کی جھلی باریک ہو جاتی ہے۔
اس کی وجہ سے بعض خواتین کی ماہواری بالکل رک سکتی ہے یا بہت ہلکی ہو جاتی ہے۔
کیا یہ نقصان دہ ہے؟
اگر صرف فامیلا انجکشن کی وجہ سے ماہواری رک گئی ہے اور کوئی اور علامات نہیں ہیں (جیسے مسلسل درد، وزن کا تیزی سے بڑھنا، موڈ میں شدید تبدیلی)، تو یہ عموماً نقصان دہ نہیں ہوتی۔
دراصل، کچھ ڈاکٹرز اس تبدیلی کو محفوظ اور نارمل سمجھتے ہیں۔
علاج یا حل:
ڈاکٹری مشورہ: سب سے ضروری ہے کہ کسی گائناکولوجسٹ سے مشورہ لیا جائے تاکہ وہ دیگر ممکنہ وجوہات کو خارج کر سکے۔
وقفہ دینا: بعض اوقات انجکشن کا استعمال بند کرنے سے ماہواری خودبخود واپس آ جاتی ہے۔

Famila injection is a contraceptive injection that usually contains a hormonal drug (such as 150mg/ml Medroxyprogesterone acetate 150 mg/ml), which prevents ovulation and prevents pregnancy. Changes in menstrual cycles are a common and possible side effect of its use.
Reasons for stopping menstruation:
Famila injection changes hormone levels, which thins the lining of the uterus.
This can cause some women to stop having periods altogether or to have very light periods.
Is it harmful?
If your periods have stopped due to Famila injection alone and there are no other symptoms (such as persistent pain, rapid weight gain, severe mood swings), it is usually not harmful.
In fact, some doctors consider this change to be safe and normal.
Treatment or solution:
Doctor's advice: It is most important to consult a gynecologist to rule out other possible causes.
Taking a break: Sometimes stopping the injection will cause your period to return on its own.

Hormone therapy: If necessary, your doctor may prescribe hormone-balancing medications.

Iron and blood tests: Sometimes, after a long absence, blood or iron deficiency is also seen in the body.

28/02/2025

Bactrocera dorsalis

previously known as Dacus dorsalis and commonly referred to as the oriental fruit fly, is a species of tephritid fruit fly that is endemic to Southeast Asia. It is one of the major pest species in the genus Bactrocera with a broad host range of cultivated and wild fruits Male B. dorsalis respond strongly to methyl eugenol, which is used to monitor and estimate populations, as well as to annihilate males as a form of pest control. They are also important pollinators and visitors of wild orchids, Bulbophyllum cheiri and Bulbophyllum vinaceum in Southeast Asia, which lure the flies using methyl eugenol

05/09/2024

Malva rotundifolia
Digestive Aid: The mucilaginous nature of common mallow is a boon for the digestive system. Its gentle soothing properties can ease irritation in the gastrointestinal tract, making it an excellent natural remedy for issues such as gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and heartburn. A tea made from the leaves and flowers can provide a protective layer on the digestive lining, promoting healing and comfort.

ہاضمے میں مدد: عام مالو کی چپچپا فطرت نظام انہضام کے لیے ایک نعمت ہے۔ اس کی نرم آرام دہ خصوصیات معدے کی نالی میں جلن کو کم کر سکتی ہیں، جس سے یہ معدے کی سوزش، چڑچڑاپن آنتوں کے سنڈروم (IBS) اور سینے کی جلن جیسے مسائل کے لیے ایک بہترین قدرتی علاج ہے۔ پتیوں اور پھولوں سے بنی چائے ہاضمے کے استر پر حفاظتی تہہ فراہم کر سکتی ہے، شفا اور سکون کو فروغ دیتی ہے۔

18/01/2024

12/06/2023

https://youtu.be/TvHGG5dYPKA*Anisocytosis*

Anisocytosis describes red blood cells that are of different sizes. Normal red blood cells are generally the same size. Having red blood cells of unequal sizes may be a sign of anemia, a condition that can cause symptoms like fatigue and shortness of breath.

*symptoms of anisocytosis.*
The most common symptoms are the same as in anemia. You may experience:
1Weakness or fatigue.
2 Shortness of breath
3 Fast or irregular heartbeat.
4 whooshing sound in your ear.
5 Headache.
6 Dizziness.
7 Pale skin.
8 Chest pain.

*Anemias associated with anisocytosis*
Associated anemias include:
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Iron-deficiency anemia.
Megaloblastic anemia.
Pernicious anemia.
Sickle cell anemia.
Sideroblastic anemia.
*Anemia during pregnancy*
is common and may show up as anisocytosis on your bloodwork. Your body needs iron to make red blood cells. Getting the right amount of iron to support your body and the needs of a developing fetus can be difficult. Your pregnancy provider can recommend changes in your diet or supplements that can help.

*Other conditions associated with anisocytosis*
Conditions that may cause varied red blood cell sizes to show up in your blood work include:

Colon cancer.
Heart disease.
Hereditary spherocytosis.
Kidney disease.
Liver disease.
Myelodysplastic syndrome.
Myelofibrosis.
Thyroid disease.
Thalassemia.

How is anisocytosis diagnosed?
Healthcare providers may use either of the following tests (or both) to identify anisocytosis.

Complete blood count A complete blood count is a routine blood test that providers use to check on your blood cells. A particular value on this test called red blood cell distribution width (RDW) measures how varied your red blood cells are in size. Normal results are between 12% and 15%. Any number higher than that means there’s more size variation in your red blood cells than what’s considered normal.
Peripheral blood smear (PBS): During a PBS, a lab technologist smears a blood sample on a slide and views it with a microscope. It allows them to see red blood cell size variations and identify anisocytosis.

*Additional tests to determine what’s causing anisocytosis*
Vitamin B12 and folate levels: Your body needs these nutrients to make healthy red blood cells.
Iron levels: Your body needs iron to produce healthy red blood cells.
Ferritin levels. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron.
Liver function. Your liver absorbs the nutrients your body needs to make healthy red blood cells

*anisocytosis treatmente*

Treatment depends on what’s causing the size variation in your red blood cells. Treatments may include:

Vitamin B12 and folate supplements, if a nutritional deficiency is the cause.
Blood transfusion, for certain inherited conditions, like sickle cell disease.
Bone marrow transplant, if you have problems with red blood cell production. Your body’s red blood cells are made in your bone marrow. You may need this treatment if myelodysplastic syndromes or some forms of cancer are causing anisocytosis.

Shafi. Lab.com

02/04/2023

Microcytes (Microcytosis)

https://youtu.be/PMnze2D_tJQ

What is microcytic anemia? Microcytic anemia happens when your red blood cells are smaller than usual because they don't have enough hemoglobin.
The most significant problem with microcytic anemia is that its symptoms can be mild or develop over time. You may not notice changes in your body

Medical conditions cause microcytic anemia

*Iron-deficiency anemia.* This anemia is the most common cause of microcytic anemia.
*Thalassemias* These are blood disorders that affect your body’s ability to make hemoglobin and red blood cells.
*Sideroblastic* anemia: Sideroblastic anemia is a rare blood disorder that affects your bone marrow’s ability to make normal red blood cells.
*Anemia of chronic disease* This form of anemia may develop if you have long-term illnesses that cause inflammation.
Lead poisoning: Exposure to lead for a long time may cause microcytic anemia.

*Symptoms of microcytic anemia*
Fatigue and weakness.
Dizziness.
Skin that's more pale than usual.
Fast heartbeat.
Shortness of breath.
Dry skin.
Skin that bruises easily.

*Diagnose microcytic anemia*
Complete blood count (CBC): This test gives providers information about your hemoglobin levels and aspects of your blood.
Peripheral blood smear: Providers use this test to examine your blood cells. While some blood tests analyze your blood cells with a machine, providers do the analysis by looking at blood cells under a microscope.
Reticulocyte count: This test measures the number of immature red blood cells (reticulocytes) in your bone marrow.

*Treatment microcytic anemia*
Providers treat microcytic anemia by treating the underlying cause. For example, if you have iron-deficiency anemia, your provider may prescribe iron supplements

01/04/2023

Macrocytes

Macrocytic anemia is a blood disorder that happens when your bone marrow produces abnormally large red blood cells. These abnormal blood cells lack nutrients
Macrocytosis is when a person's red blood cells are larger than normal and not functioning as they should. Macrocytosis is also called megalocytosis or macrocythemia.

Cause of Microcythemia

Macrocytosis is usually caused by low vitamin B12 or folate levels. It can also occur with other conditions, including liver disease and cancer, or from taking certain medications.
macrocytosis often is the earliest sign of megaloblastic anemia. Patients with uncomplicated megaloblastic anemia are expected to have decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit values, pancytopenia, and reticulocytopenia. Megaloblastic anemia develops slowly, and the degree of anemia is often severe when first detected. Hemoglobin values of less than 7 or 8 g/dL are not unusual.4 When the hematocrit is less than 20%, erythroblasts with megaloblastic nuclei, including an occasional promegaloblast, may appear in the peripheral blood. The mean cell volume (MCV) is usually 100 to 150 fL and commonly is greater than 120 fL, although coexisting iron deficiency, thalassemia trait, or inflammation can prevent macrocytosis. The mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) is elevated by the increased volume of the cells, but the mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is usually within the reference interval because hemoglobin production is unaffected. The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is also elevated.

The characteristic morphologic findings of megaloblastic anemia in the peripheral blood include oval macrocytes

Treatment of Microcythemia
Treat macrocytic anemia by replacing folate or vitamin B12 and targeting the underlying cause. Give folic acid orally, 1 mg to 5 mg daily, and encourage diets with foods rich in folate

MacrocytesMacrocytic anemia is a blood disorder that happens when your bone marrow produces abnormally large red blood cells. These abnormal blood cells lack...

01/04/2023

Lymphocytes types and functions LymphocytesThere are three types of lymphocytes, known as T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. T cells get their name ...

01/04/2023

Platelets

https://youtu.be/sdMeNNAJaH0

Platelets help your body form clots to stop bleeding.
Platelets are thiny blood cells that If one of your blood vessels gets damaged, it sends out signals to the platelets. The platelets then rush to the site of damage and form a plug (platelets make a cluster around the damage areas) to fix the damage.

Platelets Facts

Platelets are made in your bone marrow along with your white and red blood cells. Your bone marrow is the spongy center inside your bones. Another name for platelets is thrombocytes. Healthcare providers usually call a clot a thrombus. Once platelets are made and circulated into your bloodstream.
Thrombocytes live in your bloodstream for 8 to 10 days.

Platelet looks like a tiny plate.
Blood test for platletes and WBC ,RBC determination is called a complete blood count (CBC or FBC)

Normal platletes
A normal platelet count is 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood.

bleeding start from your gum's and in the urine (without being cut) develops if a platelet count falls below 10,000 to 20,000. When the platelet count is less than 50,000, bleeding is likely to be more serious.

Low platletes count
Thrombocytopenia. In this condition, your bone marrow makes too few platelets. Or your platelets are destroyed. If your platelet count gets too low, bleeding can occur under the skin as a bruise.
Thrombocytopenia can be caused by many things. These include several medicines, cancer, liver disease, pregnancy, infections, and an abnormal immune system.

High Platletes
thrombocythemia. In this condition, your bone marrow makes too many platelets. People with this condition may have platelet counts of more than 1 millions.
platelets being used by forming clots, or from the platelets not functioning correctly.
Other symptoms can include blood clots that form and block blood supply to the brain or the heart.
thrombocytosis. This is another condition caused by too many platelets. Secondary thrombocytosis is more common. It's not caused by a bone marrow problem. Instead, another disease or condition stimulates the bone marrow to make more platelets. Causes include anemia. infections.inflammation, some types of cancer, and reactions to medicines.

*Platelets* Platelets help your body form clots to stop bleeding.Platelets are thiny blood cells that If one of your blood vessels gets damaged, it sends ou...

16/02/2023

16 February Paramadics National Day

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