28/03/2026
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) - Surgery
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive vascular disorder characterized by impaired venous return, most commonly due to valvular incompetence, leading to venous hypertension and a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild edema to venous ulceration.
Chronic venous insufficiency represents a major global health burden, significantly affecting quality of life, productivity, and healthcare costs. It is part of the broader spectrum of chronic venous disease (CVD), with clinical severity ranging from telangiectasia to advanced ulcerative disease.