OrthoFixar - Orthopedic Surgery

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Degenerative Facet Arthrosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management - Degenerative facet arthrosis, also known a...
27/01/2026

Degenerative Facet Arthrosis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management -
Degenerative facet arthrosis, also known as facet joint osteoarthritis, is a chronic degenerative condition affecting the facet joints of the spine. These joints are located at the back of the vertebrae and play a crucial role in guiding spinal movement and providing stability.

Over time, age-related wear and tear can lead to cartilage degeneration, joint space narrowing, and bony overgrowth (osteophyte formation). This process may result in pain, stiffness, and reduced spinal mobility.

Facet arthrosis commonly affects the cervical (neck) and lumbar (lower back) regions and is a frequent cause of chronic axial spine pain.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/spine/degenerative-facet-arthrosis/

Foot X-Ray Imaging - Science Foot X-ray imaging is a fundamental diagnostic tool in musculoskeletal radiology. It is r...
27/01/2026

Foot X-Ray Imaging - Science
Foot X-ray imaging is a fundamental diagnostic tool in musculoskeletal radiology. It is routinely used to evaluate traumatic injuries, degenerative conditions, infections, congenital abnormalities, and alignment disorders of the foot. Accurate positioning and appropriate selection of X-ray views are essential for optimal visualization of the bones, joints, and soft tissue interfaces of the foot.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/basic-science/foot-x-ray-imaging/

Femoral Nerve Anatomy - The femoral nerve originates from the lumbar plexus, specifically from the posterior divisions...
26/01/2026

Femoral Nerve Anatomy -
The femoral nerve originates from the lumbar plexus, specifically from the posterior divisions of the ventral rami of the L2, L3, and L4 spinal nerves. This nerve emerges from the lateral border of the psoas major muscle, where it traverses the pelvis and enters the thigh by passing deep to the inguinal ligament. Its location lateral to the femoral artery within the femoral sheath makes it a critical anatomical landmark during surgical approaches to the anterior thigh.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/anatomy/femoral-nerve-anatomy/

Arteries Anatomy: Layers, Function & Clinical Insight - Arteries are the high‑pressure conduits that deliver oxygen‑ri...
26/01/2026

Arteries Anatomy: Layers, Function & Clinical Insight -
Arteries are the high‑pressure conduits that deliver oxygen‑rich blood from the heart to the systemic circulation. Understanding their detailed anatomy is crucial for interpreting imaging, performing procedures, and managing vascular diseases.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/anatomy/arteries-anatomy/

Bone Formation & Development - " "Bone Formation is a normal process that leads to longitudinal and breadth growing of ...
26/01/2026

Bone Formation & Development - " "

Bone Formation is a normal process that leads to longitudinal and breadth growing of the bone. It's called bone ossification or osteogenesis.

There are two growth plates in immature long bones: horizontal (the physis) and spherical (growth of the epiphysis), the spherical plate is less organized than the horizontal plate.

Learn More: https://orthofixar.com/basic-science/bone-formation/

Sever Disease Radiology, Symptoms & Treatment - Pediatric Sever disease is a traction apophysitis at the insertion of ...
26/01/2026

Sever Disease Radiology, Symptoms & Treatment - Pediatric
Sever disease is a traction apophysitis at the insertion of the Achilles tendon and is a common cause of heel pain in the athletically active child.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/pediatric/sever-disease/

Pronator Quadratus Muscle Anatomy - " "The pronator quadratus muscle arises from the oblique ridge on the anterior surf...
25/01/2026

Pronator Quadratus Muscle Anatomy - " "

The pronator quadratus muscle arises from the oblique ridge on the anterior surface of the distal fourth of the ulna and inserts on the lateral border and anterior surface of the distal fourth of the radius. The pronator quadratus is the only muscle that attaches only to the ulna at one end and only to the radius at the other end.

Learn More: https://orthofixar.com/anatomy/pronator-quadratus-muscle-anatomy/

Peroneal Nerve Injury - Disorders Peroneal nerve injury is a common peripheral neuropathy of the lower limb and an imp...
25/01/2026

Peroneal Nerve Injury - Disorders
Peroneal nerve injury is a common peripheral neuropathy of the lower limb and an important cause of foot drop. Owing to its superficial course around the fibular neck, the peroneal (fibular) nerve is vulnerable to compression, traction, and trauma.

The common peroneal nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve (roots L4–S2). It diverges from the tibial nerve at the superior angle of the popliteal fossa and courses laterally along the biceps femoris tendon. The nerve then winds superficially around the neck of the fibula, where it is most susceptible to injury, before dividing into:

Deep peroneal nerve

Motor: tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus

Sensory: first dorsal web space

Superficial peroneal nerve

Motor: peroneus longus and brevis

Sensory: anterolateral leg and most of the dorsum of the foot

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/neurological-disorders/peroneal-nerve-injury/

Jendrassik Maneuver - The Jendrassik maneuver is a simple yet effective technique used by clinicians to enhance muscle r...
24/01/2026

Jendrassik Maneuver -
The Jendrassik maneuver is a simple yet effective technique used by clinicians to enhance muscle reflexes that may be difficult to elicit during a physical examination. Named after the Hungarian neurologist Ernő Jendrassik, this maneuver is widely used in both upper and lower extremity reflex testing.

Read More: https://orthofixar.com/special-test/jendrassik-maneuver/

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