13/11/2025
☀️Fatigue in ( )
is one of the most common and disabling symptoms in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Studies show that 40–75% of patients experience moderate to severe fatigue, significantly affecting daily functioning, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life.
✅1. Why Fatigue Occurs in Scleroderma
1.1 Chronic Inflammation
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that causes persistent inflammation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α can directly induce feelings of exhaustion.
1.2 Vascular Dysfunction
Raynaud’s phenomenon and microvascular disease reduce blood flow to tissues, causing reduced oxygen supply and muscle fatigue.
1.3 Gastrointestinal Dysfunction & Malabsorption
GI problems are extremely common in SSc.
Poor gut motility
Malabsorption
SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth)
These cause nutrient deficiencies and chronic fatigue.
1.4 Lung Involvement
Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) or Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) have reduced oxygen exchange, leading to:
Shortness of breath
Exercise intolerance
Persistent fatigue
1.5 Chronic Pain
Joint pain, muscle pain, digital ulcers, and stiffness increase energy expenditure and disrupt sleep, worsening fatigue.
1.6 Mental Health Factors
Higher rates of depression and anxiety in SSc patients contribute significantly to perceived fatigue levels.
1.7 Sleep Disturbances
GERD, pain, itching, and breathing difficulties often impair sleep, leading to non-refreshing rest and daytime tiredness.
✅2. How to Manage Fatigue in Scleroderma
2.1 Treat underlying organ complications
Managing lung disease, vascular disease, anemia, and SIBO often improves fatigue.
2.2 Exercise Programs
Low-intensity, regular exercise (walking, stretching, yoga) improves stamina and reduces fatigue.
2.3 Nutrition & Micronutrient Support
Address malabsorption, treat SIBO, and ensure balanced diet with adequate hydration.
2.4 Manage Pain
Effective treatment of joint or muscle pain can reduce fatigue significantly.
2.5 Improve Sleep Hygiene
Treat GERD, establish sleep routines, and reduce nighttime disturbances.
2.6 Mental Health Care
Counseling, mindfulness, and support groups reduce anxiety and depression linked to fatigue.
References (APA 7th Edition)
1. Bassel, M., Hudson, M., Taillefer, S. S., Schieir, O., Baron, M., & Thombs, B. D. (2011). Frequency and impact of symptoms experienced by patients with systemic sclerosis: Results from a Canadian national survey. Rheumatology, 50(4), 762–767.
2. Nihtyanova, S. I., & Denton, C. P. (2016). Pathogenesis and management of fatigue in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology, 55(Suppl 2), ii42–ii50.
3. Sobanski, V., Giovannelli, J., Allanore, Y., et al. (2019). Association of gastrointestinal involvement and fatigue in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Care & Research, 71(11), 1480–1487.
4. Milette, K., Hudson, M., Baron, M., & Thombs, B. D. (2013). Sleep disturbances in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Care & Research, 65(8), 1338–1346.
5. Herrick, A. L., & McLaughlin, V. V. (2015). Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: Diagnosis and management. BMJ, 350, h1659.