05/06/2020
Pharmaceutical care planning
Pharmaceutical care planning is a formalization of
the activities that clinical pharmacists have been
performing for many years. It was originally
framed by Dr. Linda M. Strand and her colleagues
at the University of Minnesota in the early 1990's.
Pharmaceutical care planning is a systematic,
comprehensive process with three primary
functions:
1. Identify a patient's actual and potential
drug-related problems.
2. Resolve the patient's actual drug-related
problems.
3. Prevent the patient's potential drug-related
problems.
Overview
The pharmaceutical care plan is a written,
individualized, comprehensive medication therapy
plan based on clearly defined therapeutic goals.
The pharmaceutical care plan, which is available
to all pharmacists caring for a patient, is updated
with each major change in patient status. It is
important that the physician be informed about
the care plan to ensure common goals. Patients
should also be informed about the general content
of the care plan as means of gaining their
agreement regarding drug therapy.
Create patient database
The first step in the care planning process is the
creation of a comprehensive patient database,
which includes at minimum, the following
information:
1. Patient demographics
2. Diagnoses and past medical history
3. Present medications and medication history
4. Medication allergies/intolerances
5. Smoking/alcohol/caffeine/drug use history
6. Abnormal laboratory and physical exam
results
7. Renal and liver function
Assess drug-related problems
Following the creation of a comprehensive patient
database, the pharmacist should evaluate the
patient's drug therapy:
1. Assess the patient for drug-related
problems.
2. Determine whether drug-related problems
are being treated.
3. Determine whether current drug therapy is
appropriate.
4. Determine whether additional drug therapy
is needed.
5. Determine if any of the drug-related
problems may have been caused by
medication.
