01/21/2026
January is National Thyroid Awareness Month, a time dedicated to educating the public about the thyroid gland and its crucial role in body function, as well as the prevalence of thyroid diseases and the importance of early detection.
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland in the front of your neck that produces hormones to control your body's metabolism, energy use, growth, and function of nearly every organ.
Common thyroid conditions include:
- Hyperthyroidism (overproduction of thyroid hormones)
-Hypothyroidism (underproduction of thyroid homrones)
-Goiter (enlargment of thyroid gland)
-Thyroid Nodules (often benign, sometimes cancerous)
-Thyroiditis (inflammation of thyroid gland)
-Thyroid cancer
Women are at a higher risk for thyroid disease, especially those 60+ or recently post-partum. Others with an increased risk include: those with a family history of thyroid conditions, those with other autoimmune conditions, and individuals with history of radiation exposure to the neck.
Early diagnosis of thyroid disease is important to help prevent serious, long-term complications such as heart disease, osteoporosis, and infertility.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid) to watch for:
- Energy & Mood: Fatigue, drowsiness, depression, forgetfulness.
- Metabolic: Weight gain, fluid retention, cold intolerance, dry skin/hair, slow heart rate, constipation.
- Physical: Puffy face, joint/muscle pain, heavy periods, hoarse voice, poor growth in children.
Symtpoms of Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid) to watch for:
-Energy & Mood: Nervousness, anxiety, irritability, difficulty sleeping, tremors.
-Metabolic: Weight loss (despite increased appetite), heat intolerance, increased sweating, rapid/irregular heartbeat (palpitations).
- Physical: Thinning hair, warm/moist skin, frequent bowel movements, vision changes (bulging eyes in Graves' disease), changes in menstrual cycles.
Other Common Signs to watch for:
Any visible swelling or lumps in the neck (signs of an enlarged thyroid gland).
If you are experiencing any symptoms of thyroid disease, speak to your primary care provider about testing.