02/01/2026
Forever chemicals have been shown to sabotage the very first days of pregnancy.
A new study suggests that a widely used industrial chemical interferes with the earliest steps of pregnancy.
Researchers working with mice found that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)âone of the soâcalled âforever chemicalsâ that linger in the environment and can accumulate in the bodyâdisrupted the highly coordinated process that allows an embryo to implant in the uterus. When pregnant mice were given PFOA by mouth during the brief âimplantation window,â they showed lower levels of progesterone, a hormone critical for preparing the uterus, and structural changes on the uterine surface where embryos normally attach. The study also adds to broader concerns about everyday exposure, since PFOA has been used in products like nonstick cookware, food packaging, and contaminated drinking water.
Digging deeper, the scientists observed a doseâdependent loss of tiny structures called pinopodes on the uterine liningâkey attachment points for an embryoâas well as reduced activity of two important immune signaling molecules, interleukinâ1β (ILâ1β) and interleukinâ6 (ILâ6). Because successful implantation depends on a precise âconversationâ between the embryo and the uterus, combining lower progesterone, fewer pinopodes, and weakened signaling suggests that PFOA may create conditions that are unfavorable for pregnancy to take hold. The findings come from animal research and do not prove the same effects in humans, but the authors argue that, given how common these chemicals are in daily life, understanding their potential role in infertility should be a priority for reproductive health and environmental policy.
References
Ajdary, M., Minaeian, S., Mehdizadehkashi, A., Chaichian, S., Mehdizadeh, M., Derakhshan, R., Karimzadeh, A., & Govahi, A. (2025). The effect of perfluorooctanoic acid on ovarian progesterone production and endometrial receptivity. *Reproductive and Developmental Medicine*.
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal Center. (2026, January 29). Common environmental chemical may sabotage early pregnancy, new study warns. *SciTechDaily*.