Love Your Body "Healthy is Wealthy"

04/16/2024

04/05/2023

H. Pylori Infection (Helicobacter pylori)
H. pylori is a bacteria that can cause peptic ulcer disease and gastritis. It mostly occurs in children. Only 20% of those infected have symptoms. Symptoms include dull or burning stomach pain, unplanned weight loss and bloody vomit. H-pylori-caused ulcers are commonly treated with combinations of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors.
• Symptoms and Causes
• Diagnosis and Tests
• Management and Treatment
• Prevention
• Outlook / Prognosis
Overview
What is an H. pylori infection?
H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) are bacteria that can cause an infection in the stomach or duodenum (first part of the small intestine). It’s the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori can also inflame and irritate the stomach lining (gastritis). Untreated, long-term H. pylori infection can lead to stomach cancer (rarely).
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Who gets H. pylori infections?
H. pylori bacteria are present in some 50% to 75% of the world’s population. It does not cause illness in most people. H. pylori infection mostly occurs in children. It’s more common in developing countries. In the U.S., H. pylori bacteria are found in about 5% of children under the age of 10. Infection is most likely to occur in children who live in crowded conditions and areas with poor sanitation.
Can H. pylori spread from person to person?
Yes, H. pylori can spread from person to person. H. pylori are found in saliva, plaque on teeth and p**p. Infection can be spread through kissing and by transferring the bacteria from the hands of those who have not thoroughly washed them after a bowel movement.
Scientists think H. pylori also might be spread through H. pylori-contaminated water and food.
What’s the association between H. pylori infection and stomach cancer?
If you have an H. pylori infection, you have an increased risk for stomach cancer later in life. If you have a strong family history of stomach cancer and other cancer risk factors, even though you may not have symptoms of a stomach ulcer, your healthcare provider may recommend being tested for H. pylori antibodies. In addition to screening and treatment, your provider may suggest some lifestyle changes, such as including more fruits, vegetables and fiber in your diet. Regular checkups with your provider and following their recommendations can reduce your cancer risk.
Symptoms and Causes
How does H. pylori infection cause damage?
H. pylori multiply in the mucus layer of the stomach lining and duodenum. The bacteria secrete an enzyme called urease that converts urea to ammonia. This ammonia protects the bacteria from stomach acid. As H. pylori multiply, it eats into stomach tissue, which leads to gastritis and/or gastric ulcer.
What are the symptoms of H. pylori infection?
Most children with H. pylori infection don’t have symptoms. Only about 20% do.
Symptoms and signs, if present, are those that arise from gastritis or peptic ulcer and include:
• Dull or burning pain in your stomach (more often a few hours after eating and at night). Your pain may last minutes to hours and may come and go over several days to weeks.
• Unplanned weight loss.
• Bloating.
• Nausea and vomiting (bloody vomit).
• Indigestion (dyspepsia).
• Burping.
• Loss of appetite.
• Dark stools (from blood in your stool).
Diagnosis and Tests
How is H. pylori infection diagnosed?
If your healthcare provider suspects H. pylori bacteria may be causing a stomach ulcer, they may order one or more of the following tests:
• A breath test: In this test, you exhale into a bag before and after drinking a solution. The test measures the amount of carbon dioxide released in your breath before and after drinking the solution. A higher level after drinking the solution means H. pylori are present.
• A stool test: This test looks for evidence of H. pylori in a stool sample.
• Upper endoscopy: A flexible tube is inserted down the throat into the stomach. A small tissue sample from the stomach or intestine lining is taken for testing for the presence of H. pylori.
Management and Treatment
How is H. pylori treated?
If you don’t have symptoms, you don’t need to be treated. If you've been diagnosed with H. pylori, avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs can increase your risk of developing an ulcer.
H. pylori-caused ulcers are treated with a combination of antibiotics and an acid-reducing proton pump inhibitor.
• Antibiotics: Usually two antibiotics are prescribed. Among the common choices are amoxicillin, clarithromycin (Biaxin®), metronidazole (Flagyl®) and tetracycline.
• Proton pump inhibitor: Commonly used proton pump inhibitors include lansoprazole (Prevacid®), omeprazole (Prilosec®), pantoprazole (Protonix®), rabeprazole (Aciphex®) or esomeprazole (Nexium®).
• Bismuth subsalicylate: Sometimes this drug (eg, Pepto-Bismol®) is added to the antibiotics plus proton pump inhibitor combinations mentioned above. This drug protects the stomach lining.
Combination treatment is usually taken for 14 days.
One newer medication, Talicia®, combines two antibiotics (rifabutin and amoxicillin) with a proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole) into a single capsule.
Prevention
Can H. pylori infection be prevented?
You can lower your risk of H. pylori infection if you:
• Drink clean water and use clean water during food preparation. (This is especially important if you live in areas of the world known to have a contaminated water supply.)
• Wash your hands thoroughly (20 seconds) with soap and water before eating and after using the bathroom.
Is there a vaccine to prevent H. pylori infection?
Not yet, but there are promising results from a late-stage clinical trial. In this trial, children given the vaccine were protected against H. pylori infection for up to three years.
Outlook / Prognosis
What’s my child’s prognosis (outcome) if they’ve been diagnosed with an H. pylori infection?
If your child follows the treatment plan and takes all medication to its completion, the chance that an infection would return within three years is less than 10%. In addition, treatment may heal stomach ulcers. It can takes weeks to months for symptoms to completely go away.
How will I know if the H. pylori infection is healed?
Your healthcare provider will repeat a breath and/or stool test after waiting at least two weeks after proton pump inhibitor treatment has finished and four weeks after completing antibiotic treatment.

04/04/2023

HOW DOES STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION TREATED?

Staphylococcus aureus, also known as "golden staph," is a type of bacteria that can cause a wide range of infections in humans, including skin infections, pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and others. Treatment of staphylococcus aureus infections typically involves the use of antibiotics, although the specific antibiotic chosen will depend on the type and severity of the infection, as well as the patient's medical history and other factors.

In general, mild skin infections caused by staphylococcus aureus can often be treated with topical antibiotics or antiseptics, such as mupirocin or chlorhexidine. More serious infections, such as pneumonia or bloodstream infections, may require intravenous antibiotics such as vancomycin, linezolid, or daptomycin. In some cases, surgery may also be necessary to remove infected tissue or drain abscesses.

How long does it take to cure Staphylococcus aureus?

Practice guidelines recommend at least 14 days of antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia infection.

What is the antibiotic treatment for Staphylococcus aureus?

aureus (MSSA) preferably are treated with a semi-synthetic penicillin (e.g., intravenous nafcillin, oxacillin [Bactocill], oral dicloxacillin [Dynapen]) in patients not allergic to penicillin. First-generation cephalosporins (e.g., oral cephalexin [Keflex], intravenous cefazolin [Ancef]) are an alternative.

What happens if Staphylococcus aureus goes untreated?
Staphylococcus aureus (staph) is a germ found on people's skin. Staph can cause serious infections if it gets into the blood and can lead to sepsis or death.

Can Staphylococcus aureus be treated completely?

Many common skin infections caused by S. aureus will heal without medical treatment. However, some skin infections will require incision and drainage of the infected site and some infections may require antibiotics.

Staphylococcus aureus causes a variety of manifestations and diseases. The treatment of choice for S. aureus infection is penicillin.

Can Staphylococcus come back after treatment?
Staphylococcus aureus (or 'staph') is a kind of germ (bacteria) that is a common cause of skin infections. For most people staph skin infections clear up after treatment and seldom return, but for some people staph skin infections can recur or be an ongoing problem.

How do you know when a staph infection is serious?
Invasive staph infections, such as sepsis (also called septicemia), endocarditis, and pneumonia, typically cause significant illness that may include fever, fast breathing or shortness of breath, fatigue, and sometimes confusion or disorientation.

Antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat staph infections include cefazolin, nafcillin, oxacillin, vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid. For serious staph infections, vancomycin may be required. This is because so many strains of staph bacteria have become resistant to other traditional antibiotics.

04/04/2023

WHAT TO KNOW ABOUT MALARIA, AND ITS CAUSES
Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite, which is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria is a major public health problem in many parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is responsible for a significant number of deaths each year.
Symptoms of malaria can include fever, headache, chills, muscle aches, and fatigue. In severe cases, malaria can cause organ failure, coma, and death. The symptoms of malaria usually appear 10-15 days after a person is bitten by an infected mosquito, although in some cases it can take several weeks or even months for symptoms to appear.
There are several species of Plasmodium parasite that can cause malaria in humans, but the deadliest form is caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Other species of Plasmodium that can cause malaria in humans include Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae.
Malaria can be prevented through a number of measures, including the use of insecticide-treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying with insecticides, and the use of antimalarial drugs. In addition, efforts to control the mosquito populations that transmit the disease, such as draining standing water where mosquitoes breed, can also be effective.
Treatment for malaria typically involves the use of antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine, artemisinin-based combination therapies, or other drugs depending on the type of malaria and its severity. However, drug resistance has become an increasing problem in some parts of the world, making it more difficult to treat the disease effectively.
Overall, malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-income countries with limited resources for prevention and treatment. Efforts to develop new vaccines, drugs, and other interventions are ongoing, but much work remains to be done to eliminate this deadly disease

DRUGS/MEDICINES USED FOR IT

Malaria is treated using medications that target the Plasmodium parasite, which causes the disease. The choice of medication depends on several factors, including the species of Plasmodium causing the infection, the severity of the disease, and the patient's age and medical history.
The most common medications used to treat malaria include:
1. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT): This is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, which is the most deadly species of Plasmodium. ACT combines an artemisinin derivative with a longer-acting partner drug, such as mefloquine or lumefantrine.
2. Chloroquine: This medication is used to treat malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and some strains of Plasmodium malariae. However, chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium have emerged in many parts of the world, and alternative medications are often needed.
3. Quinine: This medication is used to treat severe malaria, as well as malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium. Quinine is usually given intravenously in a hospital setting.
4. Primaquine: This medication is used to eliminate the dormant liver-stage parasites that cause relapses of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale.
In addition to medications, supportive care may be needed to manage complications of severe malaria, such as dehydration, anemia, and organ failure. Prevention measures, such as the use of insecticide-treated bed nets and anti-malarial medication for travelers to high-risk areas, can also help to reduce the incidence of malaria.

ANTIBIOTICS USED IN TREATING OF MALARIA
Antibiotics are not typically used to treat malaria. Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium, which is not a bacterium that can be treated with antibiotics. Instead, anti-malarial medications such as artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), chloroquine, quinine, and primaquine are used to treat malaria. These medications work by targeting the Plasmodium parasite at various stages of its life cycle.
It is important to note that the inappropriate use of antibiotics for conditions that are not caused by bacteria can contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance, which is a growing global health concern. Therefore, antibiotics should only be used when they are prescribed by a healthcare professional for bacterial infections.
The most effective drug for malaria depends on several factors such as the age, health condition of the patient, etc. Some of the commonly used medications include:
• Chloroquine (Aralen)
• Doxycycline (Vibramycin, Oracea, Adoxa, Atridox)
• Quinine (Qualaquin)
• Mefloquine (Lariam)
• Atovaquone/proguanil (Malarone)
Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) are also usually preferred for chloroquine-resistant malaria
RECOMMENDATION: USE TETRACYCLINE WITH MALARIA DRUGS AND IRON (FERRUS SULFATE) WITH ACETAMINOPHEN FOR YOUR MALARIA TREATMENTS.

03/25/2023

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03/16/2023

Loving your body is an essential component of maintaining good physical and mental health. Here are some ways to love your body and improve your overall well-being:

Practice self-care: Take time each day to care for your body by engaging in activities such as taking a warm bath, getting enough sleep, and practicing relaxation techniques such as meditation or yoga.

Nourish your body: Eating a balanced and healthy diet can help you feel better physically and mentally. Focus on incorporating whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains into your diet.

Exercise regularly: Engaging in regular physical activity can help you feel more confident in your body and improve your overall health. Choose activities you enjoy and that make you feel good, such as walking, dancing, or swimming.

Get enough sleep: Adequate sleep is crucial for overall health and well-being. Make sure you are getting enough restful sleep each night by establishing a regular sleep routine and creating a comfortable sleep environment.

Practice body positivity: Rather than focusing on your body's flaws, focus on the positive aspects of your body. Remind yourself of all the things your body does for you and appreciate the unique qualities that make you who you are.

Surround yourself with positivity: Surround yourself with people who support you and make you feel good about yourself. Avoid negative self-talk and limit your exposure to media that perpetuates unrealistic body standards.

Seek professional help: If you are struggling with body image issues or disordered eating, seek professional help from a therapist or healthcare provider. They can help you develop a healthy relationship with your body and improve your overall well-being.

I AM HERE TO SHARE WITH YOU MY EXPERIENCE ON HEALTH. OUR PEOPLE NEED TO BE EDUCATED ON HOW THEY WILL BE TAKEN CARE OF THEIR BODIES, WHICH IS VERY VITAL TO OUR DAILY LIVING THEREBY LIVING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLES, WHICH IN TURN MAINTAIN A LONG LIFE.

03/16/2023