04/04/2026
Drug of the Month: Benzodiazepines (Benzos)
CREDT:
by TSS, Inc. | Apr 1, 2026 | Substance Use |
Benzodiazepines (benzos) are a class of psychoactive drugs that act as central nervous system depressants to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. They work by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA, producing sedation and muscle relaxation.
Common uses
Anxiety disorders: Short-term relief of severe anxiety.
Insomnia: Used for severe, disabling sleep problems.
Seizures: Used to treat epilepsy and manage seizures.
Medical procedures: Sedation before anesthesia.
Top 5 types of Benzodiazepines
Alprazolam (Xanax): Often used for panic disorder.
Diazepam (Va**um): Known for long-acting sedative effects.
Lorazepam (Ativan): Often used for anxiety and in emergency settings.
Clonazepam (Klonopin): Used for seizures and panic disorders.
Temazepam (Restoril): Primarily for insomnia.
Side effects
Common: Drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, and loss of balance.
Cognitive/mood: Confusion, amnesia, hostility, and irritability.
Physical: Headache, nausea, and, in rare cases, respiratory depression.
Although they take more time than barbiturates do to cause a reaction, benzodiazepines can still be addictive. People who have been on them for a long time also find it hard to stop taking them because of withdrawal symptoms, such as increased tension and anxiety, panic attacks, and hand tremors.
Benzodiazepine dependence involves physical dependence (body adapts to drug, causing withdrawal) and psychological dependence (emotional reliance). Types often categorized by usage patterns include dependence at prescribed therapeutic doses, patients escalating doses, and drug misusers. Shorter-acting benzos like Xanax often have higher misuse potential due to rapid effects and severe withdrawal. Dependence develops from tolerance, where higher doses are needed for the same effect, leading to withdrawal when use stops