01/23/2024
Please take a moment to read this short article about the importance of cervical cancer screenings, written by one of SERO's wonderful care team members in Hickory, Jennifer Smith, FNP-C.
Cervical Cancer Awareness: Learn, Prevent, Screen
In the United States, cervical cancer is the third most common gynecologic cancer. The average age at diagnosis is only 50 years old. Thankfully, cervical cancer is one of the few cancers that develop precancerous cells that, if detected early, can be treated to prevent the development of invasive cancer. Screening tests include Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Pap smear testing; both of these tests are performed on cells from the cervix.
Abnormal cervical cells and cervical cancer are each strongly associated with HPV infections. In fact, HPV is detected in 90-99% of all cervical cancers. HPV is spread by sexual contact and is very common in young people. Many HPV infections will clear on their own, within a year or two. However, persistent HPV infection significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer. Therefore, treating and preventing HPV infections significantly reduces the risk of developing cervical cancer. HPV testing every 5 years is recommended for those ages 30-65. If HPV is detected, your provider will recommend repeat testing in one year.
Preventing HPV infections through vaccination has been in place since 2006. Since that time, the rate of cervical cancer has significantly decreased among vaccinated women. HPV vaccination prevents new HPV infections but does not treat existing infections, therefore vaccination is recommended early in life. The HPV vaccination series is recommended for those ages 9-12 and catch up vaccination is recommended for those ages 13-26.
Pap smear tests look for precancerous cells, abnormal cells that might become cervical cancer if they are not treated. Pap smear testing should begin at age 21; if testing is normal a repeat Pap smear in 3 years is recommended. From ages 30-65, the recommendation is to have Pap smear testing every 3 years or HPV/HPV+Pap smear testing every 5 years.
In the United States, approximately 13,960 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and 4,310 women die from cervical cancer each year. We can dramatically decrease this incidence by preventing HPV infections and detecting early cervical changes through appropriate screening tests.
Jennifer Smith,
FNP-C for CVMC Hospitalists