02/15/2026
Student question: what is Commotio cordis?
Commotio cordis is a rare, often fatal form of cardiac arrest caused by a sudden, blunt, non-penetrating blow to the left chest, typically from projectiles like baseballs or hockey pucks. It happens when a, usually, low-impact strike occurs at a precise 15-30 millisecond moment in the heart's electrical cycle (repolarization), triggering ventricular fibrillation in otherwise healthy hearts. It is most common in young male athletes (aged 8-18) due to their thinner, more pliable chest walls.