03/18/2026
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1AoR3sDTQx/
SLEEP, the Journal of the Sleep Research Society, accepted for publication on March 13, 2026, 'tES Synchronization of Slow Oscillations in N3 Sleep Decreases Brain Electrical Impedance: Implications for Improved Brain Waste Clearance', by Schofner et al. (2026)
The publication abstract states, "Sleep appears to be a critical period for the brain’s removal of metabolic waste products through its lymph system, which involves both perivascular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, transport of CSF through the extracellular space of the parenchyma, and glial (aquaporin 4 end feet) transfer across the blood-brain barrier. The decline of waste removal with the decline of stage N3 sleep in aging may be relevant to the neurodegeneration leading to dementia. The present results suggest that tES strategically applied at key sleep stages, such as the N2-N3 transition, may not only enhance the duration of N3 and REM sleep, but may facilitate the transient ECS expansion driven by cardiac pulses and respiration that supports brain waste clearance in healthy sleep."
The research analyzed in this publication was conducted using the Neurosom Sleep WISP®, a wearable EEG/tES sleep-therapy headband designed to increase time spent in deep sleep and improve cognitive health.
The authors of this publication include Steven Shofner, Kyle Morgan, Phan Luu, Roma Shusterman, Alexei Doncov, Jeff Heys, Lori Ray, Dr. Miranda Lim, M.D., Ph.D. (OHSU) and Don Tucker.
Read more:https://www.bel.company/s/SLEEP-2025-1133R3_Proof_fl.pdf