11/05/2025
Eye Screening in Children Recommendations are based on age.
Newborn - One Year:
These are done as part of your routine well-child checks. I promise we're doing them, but they're quick! And so much of it can be done while we're talking, checking heart and lungs, etc., that you may not even realize it's been done.
Have you ever noticed how much I talk to the babies when doing their exams? It's partly because I love the babies, but I'm also assessing their responsiveness to my voice and face and watching to see how they track my movements.
- Visually inspect the eye for (mis)alignment
- Pupil responsiveness (when we shine the light in your child's eye)
- Watch for tracking
- Some premature infants need a full eye exam by a trained ophthalmologist (eye doctor MD who can perform surgery if necessary) to assess for injury
1-3 Years of Age:
This is when parents really come in. If a parent notices anything unusual at home (squinting, eyes turning out different ways when watching TV or tired, etc.), we will "take a picture" of the child's eyes. This photovision screen is a good first step. Based on the results, we may or may not refer you to a pediatric optometrist or ophthalmologist.
We are also continuing the the tests mentioned above, plus some. I'll often point to something in the room and have them look at it - it shows me how their eyes can adjust from a short to a longer distance.
3-5 Years of Age:
We start routine photovision screens in the office. These check for astigmatism, near- and farsightedness, gaze deviation, pupil size, and more.
Ages 5 and Up:
Yearly screens are recommended. We'll often switch to the "wall test," aka the old school chart with letters. Some kids may fudge because they want glasses (AHEM... MY OWN DAUGHTER), so we'll often verify with a photovision. If anything is amiss, we refer to an optometrist (eye doctor, OD not MD).
Here is a little more detail straight from the American Academy of Ophthalmology:
"What’s the Difference Between Vision Screening and a Comprehensive Eye Exam?
A comprehensive eye exam diagnoses eye disease. Eye drops are used to dilate (widen) the pupil during the exam. This gives your ophthalmologist a fuller view inside the eyes. With dilation and other special testing, signs of eye disease are more evident.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology advises parents to seek a comprehensive eye exam if:
- their child fails a vision screening
- vision screening is inconclusive or cannot be done
- referred by a pediatrician or school nurse
- their child has a vision complaint or observed abnormal visual behavior, or is at risk for developing eye problems. Children with medical conditions (such as Down syndrome, prematurity, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, neurofibromatosis) or a family history of amblyopia, strabismus, retinoblastoma, congenital cataracts or glaucoma are at higher risk for developing pediatric eye problems.
- their child has a learning disability, developmental delay, neuropsychological condition or behavioral issue"
TLDR; You're ok to stick with yearly screens in our office and if there are no concerns from us or you, we don't need a comprehensive eye exam.
- Dr. Kelley