02/04/2026
Fear avoidance is a common issue among those suffering from chronic pain. The fear of exacerbating pain can lead to inactivity, which in turn can contribute to muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and reduced overall functionality. This avoidance behavior creates a cycle where fear leads to inactivity, which then leads to more pain, perpetuating the chronic pain experience.
Annie O'Connor's Stop Light model is a helpful tool in managing this fear, which is what we use with our patients. It uses the metaphor of traffic lights to help patients gauge their pain levels during exercise and determine appropriate actions:
1. Green Light: Indicates safe pain levels. Minor discomfort or pain that eases with continued movement falls into this category. It suggests that it is okay to continue with the activity as planned.
2. Yellow Light: Represents caution. Pain that is more intense but still tolerable, and might increase slightly with activity, suggests the need to modify the exercise. Slowing down, reducing intensity, or altering the activity might be necessary while monitoring how the pain responds.
3. Red Light: Signifies stop. Severe pain or pain that sharply increases with activity requires immediate cessation. This level of pain indicates that the activity might be harmful, and it is crucial to stop and consult with a healthcare provider.
By utilizing this model, patients can better understand and manage their pain during exercise, ensuring that they are not avoiding beneficial activities out of fear. Working closely with a healthcare provider, patients can learn to differentiate between pain that signals harm and pain that is part of the healing process, ultimately leading to improved outcomes and a path toward pain resolution.