01/13/2025
Why does our balance get worse as we grow older?
All of us have taken a tumble at some point in our lives. But as we grow older, the risks associated with falling over become greater: we lose physical strength and bone density, our sense of balance deteriorates and we take longer to recover from a fall.
The question becomes what we can do to protect ourselves, our clients, and our loved ones, and what should we accept as the normal aging process. Here are a few facts:
* Inside the inner ear is the vestibular system, where we perceive balance. This system connects to the brain, which gives us a message when we are about to fall and directs the body to take corrective action. But with age, cells in the vestibular system die off, affecting our ability to correct our position.
* Sight changes with age affect depth perception and sensitivity to contrast. This manifests in poor night vision and distortion.
* Blood pressure can dip suddenly when changing positions like sitting to standing, or bending over. Lightheadedness and even fainting can happen when this occurs.
* Reflexes and coordination slow with age.
* Muscle mass and strength decreases; we lose the power to react swiftly.
* Medications can interfere with balance and increase fall risk.
Countless research articles in peer-reviewed journals prove engaging in balance exercises substantially reduces fall risk. Fall prevention programs address muscle strengthening exercises and practicing stabilizing body weight, striving for minimal support from walls, chairs, walkers, etc. In addition, a big focus is mindfulness training, such as practicing sit to stand and staying aware of one’s surroundings with proper footing. Consistent awareness needs to be subconsciously adapted to allow for improvements in function.
