02/27/2026
Is Scapular Dyskinesis a "Real" Diagnosis or Just a Reflection of Our Beliefs?
I’ve always said that our clinical lens is often colored by what we expect to see. This recent study by Vila-Dieguez et al. (2026) puts a spotlight on something we need to talk about: Cognitive Bias in Shoulder Assessment.
The researchers looked at 104 experienced PTs rating videos of healthy volunteers. The results? A bit of a wake-up call for the rehab community.
The Breakdown:
Poor Reliability: The visual assessment for Scapular Dyskinesis (SD) showed a Kappa of only $0.12$. In clinical terms, that’s barely better than a coin flip.
Belief Bias: Clinicians who strongly believe SD is clinically important were significantly more likely to "find" it—even in healthy individuals.
Experience Gap: Interestingly, those with higher patient caseloads were less likely to report SD, suggesting that high-volume clinical exposure might temper the urge to over-pathologize movement.
Why This Matters:
If we can "see" a problem in someone with no pain just because we believe the problem exists, are we treating the patient or our own assumptions?
Visual observation is a tool, but it shouldn't be the final word. We need to move toward objective, biomechanical data and recognize that "asymmetrical" movement isn't always "dysfunctional" movement.
Let's prioritize the patient's presentation and functional outcomes over a visual checklist that lacks reliability.
What’s your take? Do you still find visual scapular assessment useful in your daily practice, or have you moved toward other objective measures? Let’s discuss in the comments! 👇