03/10/2026
Ladder Safety: Proper 4-to-1 ratio and three points of contact
1. Use the Proper 4-to-1 Ratio for Extension Ladders
- For every 4 feet of ladder height, position the base 1 foot away from the wall.
- The correct angle provides stability and prevents the ladder from tipping backward or sliding out at the base.
2. Maintain Three Points of Contact
- Always keep either two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand on the ladder.
- Three points of contact improve balance and significantly reduce the risk of falling.
3. Inspect the Ladder Before Use
- Check from cracks, loose rungs, damaged feet, or bent rails.
- Damaged ladders can fail under weight, leading to serious injury.
4. Set the Ladder on Stable, Level Ground
- Use ladder levelers or a stable base if the surface is uneven.
- An unstable base increases the chance of slips or sudden movement.
5. Do Not Overreach
- Keep your belt bucks (or navel) between the ladder rails. Climb down and reposition the ladder if needed.
- Leaning too far to one side shifts your center of gravity and increases fall risk.
6. Never Stand on the Top Rung
- Avoid using the top step or cap of a step ladder as a standing surface.
- The top rung is not designed for standing and significantly increases fall hazards.
7. Face the Ladder When Climbing
- Always climb up and down while facing the ladder and using both hands.
- Facing forward improves control, stability, and grip.
