01/19/2019
Understanding the 3 Phases of Muscle Healing.
Muscle mass accounts for 40-45 percent of total body weight, which makes it no surprise that muscle injuries can account for anywhere between 10-55 percent of all injuries. With such a prevalence of muscle-related injuries, it’s important to understand how muscles heal.
1. Destruction:
This phase starts when injury occurs, most likely by a contusion or strain. A contusion is a direct force to the muscle that causes injury, while a strain occurs when the muscle is subjected to excessive forces that lead to failure of the muscle fibers. During either type of injury, muscle fibers and small blood vessels tear, filling the injured area with blood. Contained within that blood are inflammatory cells that infiltrate the newly injured area. Amazingly, muscle tissue has a mechanism that “seals off” the injured area to make sure the destruction and subsequent repair phases only occur at the injured site.
2. Treatment Implications:
There are many treatments that are very successful. The effectiveness of Neuromuscular Therapy can be extremely effective. Neuromuscular Therapy is a highly specialized type of soft tissue therapy designed to relieve pain and return injured tissues to normal function. It utilizes specific, targeted soft tissue treatment, and self-care to eliminate the causes of most muscular aches and pains. It can provide long-term pain relief where other approaches have failed. Neuromuscular Therapy balances the nervous system with the muscular and skeletal systems and naturally brings the body back into alignment. It addresses postural/muscular imbalances and nerve entrapment.
3. Repair:
During this important phase, a cell called a macrophage is introduced into the injured site. A macrophage “eats” and “cleans away” the dead tissue and dry blood caused by the injury. Once this is complete, another cell – called a satellite cell – is released into the injured area. Satellite cells transform into myoblast cells, which group together to create new muscle fibers. However, unlike a broken bone that is repaired by regenerating only new bone, an injured muscle is not replaced with only new muscle fibers. Another cell, called a fibroblast, also produces connective tissue at the injured site. It is a combination of connective tissue and muscle fibers that repair the injured muscle. In addition, new blood vessels and nerves generate during this phase. This repair phase commonly is peaking about two weeks after injury.