04/25/2026
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Research from environmental psychology and health sciences supports many of these nature-based effects, though strength of evidence varies by claim.
Studies grounded in Attention Restoration Theory, including work from the University of Surrey, show that birdsong can improve focus by restoring depleted attention and reducing mental fatigue.
Visual exposure to greenery has been consistently linked to lower heart rate and blood pressure, with reviews published on PubMed Central (e.g., Scientific Reports) demonstrating activation of the parasympathetic “rest and digest” system during time in green environments.
Research on “forest bathing” (Shinrin-yoku), summarized by sources like the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, finds that tree-released phytoncides (such as α-pinene) can reduce cortisol and enhance immune activity.
Soil exposure introduces microbes like Mycobacterium vaccae, which studies reported in outlets like Medical News Today and horticultural research suggest may influence serotonin pathways and mood regulation, although much evidence comes from animal models.
Grounding, or walking barefoot on grass, has some preliminary support for reducing inflammation, but remains less established in large clinical trials.
In contrast, morning sunlight exposure is strongly supported in circadian biology research, helping regulate cortisol and melatonin cycles, which in turn stabilizes sleep, energy, and hormonal balance.