11/28/2025
📚 What do the latest studies show?
Researchers (Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, 2023) reviewed the literature and confirmed that hyperglycemia affects periodontal tissues through several key mechanisms:
1️⃣ Neutrophils & macrophages in diabetes, their defense functions are impaired, weakening the body’s antibacterial response.
2️⃣ Pro-inflammatory cytokines – increased secretion of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 causes chronic inflammation in the gums.
3️⃣ Oxidative stress an excess of free radicals damages tissues and worsens inflammation.
4️⃣ Bone tissue – the RANKL/OPG imbalance speeds up bone resorption, leading to the loss of tooth support.
💡 Conclusion:
People with diabetes are at higher risk of periodontitis not only because of bacteria but primarily due to immune dysregulation and impaired healing.
📎 This means blood sugar control and periodontal treatment must go hand in hand.
