02/18/2026
For Dr. Ryan Harvey, DC, DACNB, of The Functional Neurology Center, understanding and treating dysautonomia is personal.
When he was growing up in Mississippi, Harveyâs athletic activities and work on his familyâs farm resulted in a couple of different head injuries that required staples. By his teen years, the toll on his autonomic nervous system (the system that controls involuntary bodily processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, breathing, and temperature regulation) became clear. âI started having weird symptoms like dizziness, nausea, and fainting episodes that would happen irregularly,â he recalls.
Numerous tests and consultations couldnât pinpoint the root cause of his condition. âAs the years went on, it just got to the point where I was told to learn my triggers and get myself into a safe place to mitigate further injury from falling,â Harvey says.
It wasnât until he discovered functional neurology during his chiropractic training that Harvey found answersâand relief.
Using brain-based rehabilitation, he not only managed to stabilize his symptoms but also regained a sense of control over his life. Now, he hasnât had a fainting episode since 2018. âUsing brain-based rehab helped me find a sense of stability, and that really lit my fire to provide these tools for other people in similar situations,â Harvey says.
What is dysautonomia?
Dysautonomia refers to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). When the ANS doesnât function properly, it can lead to a broad range of symptoms, from dizziness and fainting to digestive problems and heart palpitations.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), a condition that causes fast heart rate, dizziness, and fatigue when transitioning from lying down to standing up, is one of the most common manifestations of dysautonomia.
âDysautonomia is a big umbrella term that covers a lot of different conditions rooted in the brain and autonomic function,â Harvey says. Often, it reflects an imbalance in the bodyâs sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the bodyâs âfight or flightâ response, preparing the body to react to stress or danger by increasing heart rate, dilating pupils, and redirecting blood flow to muscles. In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system is associated with ârest and digestâ functions, promoting relaxation by slowing the heart rate, enhancing digestion, and conserving energy.
An imbalance between these two systems can lead to symptoms like dizziness or fainting when changing positions, heart rate changes, excessive sweating or lack of sweating, gastrointestinal issues, blurred or tunnel vision, cognitive impairments such as brain fog, and even emotional challenges such as anxiety.
âThink of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems as pulleys,â Harvey explains. âIf one pulley is pulling more, the other system is automatically going to be inhibited or less active. When the sympathetic system is firing a lot, the parasympathetic system seems to be inhibited. That relationship is really important when it comes to things like adequately pushing blood around your body.â
Causes and triggers
This delicate balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is governed by the brain, particularly regions like the hypothalamus, brainstem, and certain areas of the cortex. It can be disrupted by various causes and triggers.
âDysautonomia may be triggered by infections, such as COVID-19 or mononucleosis, which can cause inflammation in brain regions involved in autonomic control,â Harvey says. âWhenever an area of the brain becomes inflamed, it can get injured in a similar way as if you hit your head. We call that a chemical concussion.â
Dysautonomia can also be linked to genetic predispositions (such as connective tissue disorders like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) or structural injuries like concussions. Chronic or traumatic stress can also play a significant role, as emotional regulation and autonomic function share overlapping areas in the brain.
Conventional treatment vs. The FNC approach
Traditional neurology focuses on giving people tools to manage dysautonomia symptoms. These might include medications to lower heart rate; lifestyle changes such as increasing salt, water, and electrolyte intake or wearing compression garments; and physical therapy exercises like sit-to-stand exercises.
âSome people do benefit from these things,â Harvey says. âItâs somewhere to start, but itâs more of a bandaid than a root-cause solution.â Many people with dysautonomia are told that theyâll grow out of it, or it will resolve on its own. âHistorically, thatâs not necessarily the case,â says Harvey.
In contrast, The FNC aims to identify and treat the underlying dysfunctions in the brain itself. Even for those with a genetic predisposition to conditions such as POTS, brain-based rehabilitation can be game-changing.
âWe can build your neurological endurance and resilience so you can do more of what you want to do, rather than just saying, âOh well, this is something youâre genetically prone to and this is just how your life is going to be.â Thereâs always hope to build more resilience and endurance,â Harvey says.
The FNCâs diagnostic tools and techniques
At The FNC, diagnosing dysautonomia involves a comprehensive and detailed examination of the brain and autonomic nervous system, using a variety of specialized tools and techniques. Harvey emphasizes the importance of understanding the root cause of each patientâs unique symptoms rather than just treating the symptoms themselves. âWe donât come in with a bias,â he explains. âWe assess all areas of the brain to get a full picture of whatâs working well and whatâs not.â
1. Full neurological examination
Every patient begins with a full neurological exam that looks at the function of various brain regions or âneighborhoods.â The focus is on identifying any areas that are not performing appropriately for the patientâs age and overall health.
This includes testing the different lobes of the brainâthe frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobesâas well as specific networks involved in autonomic functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion.
2. Tilt table test
One of the most valuable tests for dysautonomia patients, the tilt table test assesses how well the brain coordinates blood flow and other autonomic functions when the body changes position.
During this test, the patient is positioned flat on a table while vital signs like heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels are monitored. The table is then slowly raised to simulate standing, allowing the team to evaluate how well the brain compensates for the effects of gravity.
âThis test is crucial for identifying issues in the connection between the brain and cardiovascular system,â says Harvey. âIt helps us understand how effectively your brain is pushing blood to the head when you change positions, and where dysfunctions may lie.â
3. VideoNystagmography (VNG)
VNG testing evaluates how well a patientâs eyes move and track objects, which can reveal important information about brain function and balance. Since the ANS and visual system are closely interconnected, abnormalities in eye movement can be indicative of deeper issues with the brainâs autonomic control.
This test is particularly useful for diagnosing problems in the vestibular system, which is responsible for balance and spatial orientation, often disrupted in patients with dysautonomia.
4. Visual and vestibular testing
A variety of visual and vestibular tests assess how well the brainâs real estate related to balance and vision is functioning. These tests help identify areas where brain regions may be struggling to communicate or compensate for changes in body position or motion.
Given that the visual and vestibular systems are critical to autonomic regulation, any dysfunction in these areas can exacerbate dysautonomia symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, or imbalance. âWe can get a good idea of brain health by evaluating how well a patientâs eyes track
and respond to movement,â says Harvey.
5. Autonomic testing
Additional tools to assess autonomic function include monitoring heart rate variability (HRV), bilateral blood pressure testing, and checking for signs of poor blood perfusion, such as cold hands or feet. These assessments help identify how well the brainâs autonomic networks are regulating basic involuntary functions like circulation, breathing, and digestion.
6. Body mapping and interoception testing
The FNCâs diagnostic process also includes testing the brainâs body mapping system, which helps the brain understand where different parts of the body are in space. Problems with body mapping can contribute to poor blood circulation and dysregulation of the autonomic system. âIf you donât have a good map of where your body is, you canât adequately push blood to those areas,â Harvey explains.
Testing interoceptionâawareness of internal bodily statesâhelps determine how well a patient can sense and send resources to different areas of the body.
Personalized rehabilitation strategies
Once testing has identified specific dysfunctioning areas of the brain, a personalized rehabilitation program can target those areas for improved function and integration. âWe find that being very specific in rehabbing particular brain regions with increasing intensity and duration can be really valuable, just like in a gym workout,â Harvey says.
Context is also important. âMy goal in our office is to put you in the situation that youâre struggling with and rehab you there, so you can do things in your life that you werenât able to do before,â Harvey says. âContext is so important when it comes to rehabilitative strategies.â That might mean combining tilt table therapy with vagus nerve stimulation to retrain the ANS to respond more optimally when the body is changing position. It could also involve using electrical stimulation on areas of the face to increase cerebral blood perfusion, combined with intermittent pneumatic compression on the legs to retrain cardio-neurological reflexes.
âWe can put you in a situation where youâre not adequately pushing blood to your head, and we can stimulate areas of your brain that help increase blood flow to your head in that situation, in that context,â Harvey says. This approach is based not just on putting bandaids on symptoms, but on harnessing the brainâs neuroplasticity to addressâand transformâtheir root cause. âThe more we fire systems together, the better they wire together,â says Harvey.
Because each patient may have slightly different underlying causes or affected areas of the brain, each personâs rehabilitation plan will be unique. âWe might have two dysautonomia patients in the office, and they may be doing very different rehabs, because itâs specialized specifically to what their symptoms are and to whatâs happening in their brain,â Harvey says.
Among the tools The FNC uses in personalized dysautonomia rehabilitation plans are:
Tilt table therapy
Vagus nerve stimulation
Somatosensory stimulation
Trigeminal stimulation
Intermittent pneumatic compression
Visual and vestibular rehabilitation
Low-level laser therapy
Graded cardiovascular exercise programs
Core-based exercises
The FNC approach in action: Katieâs story
Katie Delorettoâs journey exemplifies The FNCâs personalized approach to treating dysautonomia. After living with debilitating symptoms from Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome, and severe dysautonomia for eight years, Katie found herself incapacitated, relying on medications and therapies that provided little relief. Before seeking treatment at FNC, she was barely able to stand for more than 30 seconds without needing to sit or lean on something to prevent passing out.
At The FNC, Katie underwent a comprehensive, individualized rehabilitation program designed to address her specific neurological issues. âTwo weeks ago, I was crawling on the floor,â she recalls, but after just two days of treatment, she was able to stand and talk to her husband for two minutes without collapsingâan achievement that was previously impossible.
âThis was the missing piece, giving me something that actually works and that I can have control over,â Katie says. âIt gives me so much hope for the future.â
Her husband adds, âYouâre actually given something that you can do to take care of yourself, not just medication or someone doing something invasive. The fact that theyâre giving you the tools to heal yourself really helps you to get your life back in order.â Hear Katieâs story in her own
words here.
The range of severity and duration of dysautonomia symptoms can translate to a corresponding range of post-treatment outcomes. The pace and intensity of treatment may also depend on someoneâs baseline tolerance. âYou donât want to push someone further than they can go,â Harvey says. âItâs about creating tolerance to push them enough to make a change, but not so much that you overstimulate their system and exceed their capacity.â
Many people are able to achieve significant improvements within a weeklong intensive at The FNC. Individualized at-home exercises continue building on that success. âWe build this into your life, almost like a gym workout but in a brain-based way,â says Harvey. âThe majority of folks we work with see improvements, ranging from 20% better function to complete resolution.â
Either way, people come away with a set of tools and resources to continue building their endurance, resilience, and overall quality of life. âThe goal is to build autonomy,â Harvey says. âSo you have the tools and resources to take control.â
Schedule a free phone consultation with the expert team at The FNC, click here.
https://thefnc.com/research/the-fncs-unique-approach-to-treating-dysautonomia/