01/05/2026
Exercise interventions performed for 12 weeks or longer with 2 to 3 weekly sessions at moderate-to-vigorous intensity, demonstrated substantial effects on several biomarkers. These included a reduction in proinflammatory markers (TNF-α, interleukin 6), an increase in antiinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 10), improved lipid profiles (lower low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides), improved glucose regulation, and favorable changes in hormonal markers such as leptin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Additionally, exercise was associated with positive changes in umbilical cord blood cytokines, immunologic composition of breast milk, and placental mineral content.
Impact of exercise training during pregnancy on maternal biomarkers: a systematic review https://ow.ly/XVbg50XRM5n