02/10/2026
February is Age-Related Macular Degeneration awareness month.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is an ocular disease that causes damage to the macula. The macula is responsible for our sharp, central vision. However, it does not affect peripheral (side) vision.
There are two types of AMD, the first one being Dry AMD, which is more common. This is when areas of the macula get thinner as we age, and small deposits called Drusen build up on the layer under the retina called the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). These deposits, and other age-related changes, cause vision to worsen over time.
Wet AMD is the more serious form of AMD. It is when new and abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina. They can leak fluids (such as blood) and scar the macula. Vision loss occurs more quickly with Wet AMD than with Dry AMD.
How is AMD diagnosed? Your eye doctor may use an Amsler grid, which helps you to notice any areas in your field of vision that may appear blurry, blank, or distorted. Your eye doctor will also dilate your pupils to get a better look into your eyes, using a special lens and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). They may also use a special dye called Fluorescein to examine what is happening with the blood vessels in your eye.
AMD is, unfortunately, not curable. But its progress can be slowed down. For now, only the progress of Dry AMD with geographic atrophy (GA) can be slowed. GA is when central vision is lost. Treatment of Dry AMD involves injections of medication to slow further vision loss, and you may also be recommended by your doctor to make changes to your diet.
Wet AMD also involves injections, which comprise of medications that help reduce further growth of the leaking, abnormal blood cells we mentioned earlier, and it also slows down the leaking of any previously formed blood vessels. Sometimes a laser surgery is performed for Wet AMD, and it involves an eye surgeon using a laser to reduce the number of blood vessels and slow the leaking.
If you would like to learn more about Age-Related Macular Degeneration, click on the link below:
Concerned about macular degeneration? Learn the early signs, risk factors, and the latest treatments to help protect your central vision and maintain quality of life.