11/13/2025
What Is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a long-term condition where the body has trouble controlling blood sugar (glucose) levels.
Glucose is the body’s main source of energy, and insulin — a hormone made by the pancreas — helps move glucose from the blood into the cells.
When insulin is missing or not working properly, blood sugar rises, leading to diabetes.
How Diabetes Occurs:
Diabetes develops for different reasons depending on the type, but it always involves a problem with insulin:
1. The body doesn’t make insulin.
The immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
Seen in Type 1 Diabetes.
2. The body doesn’t use insulin well (insulin resistance).
The pancreas still makes insulin, but the cells stop responding properly.
Seen in Type 2 Diabetes.
3. Hormonal changes block insulin effectiveness.
During pregnancy, hormones can make it harder for the body to use insulin.
Seen in Gestational Diabetes.
When insulin isn’t working as it should, glucose stays in the bloodstream and causes high blood sugar.
Types of Diabetes:
1. Type 1 Diabetes
An autoimmune condition.
The body mistakenly destroys the cells that make insulin.
People with Type 1 must take insulin every day.
Usually diagnosed in children or young adults, but it can occur at any age.
2. Type 2 Diabetes
The most common type.
The body still makes insulin but doesn’t use it well (insulin resistance).
Often linked to weight, genetics, inactivity, or age — but anyone can develop it.
Managed with lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes insulin.
3. Gestational Diabetes
Develops during pregnancy.
Hormones make it harder for insulin to work.
Usually goes away after birth, but increases the mother’s risk of Type 2 later in life.
With proper nutrition, exercise, and monitoring, diabetes can be managed well. In some cases, such as Type 2 diabetes, can be reversed by losing weight, eating fresh foods, and limiting sweets and alcohol. However, once diagnosed with diabetes it is always possible to develop diabetes later in life.
Speak to your doctor about your risks and what you can do to prevent diabetes.