Muhammad Rehman

01/31/2022

Fragment Interpretation

12/08/2021

We are working on it

Technology a ‘gamechanger’ for forensic science but raises privacy and racial profiling issues

12/24/2019

?
DNA fingerprinting, also called DNA typing, DNA profiling, genetic fingerprinting, genotyping, or identity testing, in genetics, method of isolating and identifying variable elements within the base-pair sequence of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The technique was developed in 1984 by British geneticist Alec Jeffreys, after he noticed that certain sequences of highly variable DNA (known as minisatellites), which do not contribute to the functions of genes, are repeated within genes. Jeffreys recognized that each individual has a unique pattern of minisatellites (the only exceptions being multiple individuals from a single zygote, such as identical twins).

07/01/2019

I am offering O+ blood to those in need. #کابل
Cellular: 0788248251

05/31/2019

WHAT IS DNA ?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is served as our instruction and consisted of all the necessary information to build a fully functional human being, living organisms and virus.
contains two strands wrapped around each other in a helix (known as the double helix). Each nucleotide includes 3 parts: a phosphate group, a sugar molecule and one of 4 bases , , or . The backbone of DNA is based on a repeated pattern of a sugar group and a phosphate group.

09/04/2018

Is a blood sample better than a buccal sample?
No. A sample yields results that are as accurate as those obtained from a sample. In fact, since the is identical in each and every cell in a person's body, a wide variety of samples, even dating back several years, can be used because the DNA is highly stable.

09/03/2018

Why test the mother in a paternity test?
A conclusive result can be obtained without testing the mother. However, the mother's participation is recommended even if maternity is not questioned. The participation of the mother increases the accuracy of the paternity test because the characteristics received from the mother can be determined and a more straightforward comparison may be made with the genetic characteristics of the alleged . In the absence of the , further analysis may be required in certain situations.

09/01/2018

As already nuclecus having DNA ,what is the need of mitochondria to have own DNA.
Actually no need of having own DNA,but it's provided with own DNA in its evolution.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) bears a strong
resemblance to a bacterial DNA. The striking
similarities between mitochrondria and a cer-
tain bacteria called Rickettsia have led scien-
tists to believe that mitochrondria originated
from Rickettsia. Rickettsia causes typhus, a
flu-like disease transmitted by flea bites (the
flea first bites an infected rat or mouse and
then bites a person). As for the similarities, nei-
ther Rickettsia nor mitochondria can live out-
side a cellular home, both have circular DNA,
and both share similar DNA sequences (see
Chapter 8 for how DNA sequences are com-
pared between organisms). Instead of being
parasitic like Rickettsia, however, mitochondria
are considered endosymbiotic, meaning they
must be inside a cell to work (endo-) and they
provide something good to the cell (-symbiotic).
In this case, the something good is energy, Because mtDNA is passed only from mother
to child (see the earlier section “Mitochondrial
DNA” for an explanation), scientists have com-
pared mtDNA from people all over the world
to investigate the origins of modern humans.
These comparisons have led some scientists to
believe that all modern humans have one par-
ticular female ancestor in common, a woman
who lived on the African continent about
200,000 years ago. This hypothetical woman
has been called “Mitochondrial Eve,” but she
wasn’t the only woman of her time. There were
many women, but apparently, none of their
descendants survived, making Eve what sci-
entists refer to as our “most recent common
ancestor,” or MRCA. Some evidence suggests
that all humans are descended from a rather
small population of about 100,000 individuals,
meaning that all people on earth have common
ancestry.

09/01/2018

How is DNA used to prove or disprove paternity?
Since everyone inherits half of their material (DNA) from their mother and the other half from their father, analysis makes it possible to determine first, which maternal traits are present in the child, and second, to check whether the remaining traits are present in the presumed father. If the latter does not have the traits that the child must have inherited from the father, then is excluded. If the presumed father has these traits, then paternity is statistically established.