Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology

12/22/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** A Society of Interventional Radiology Practice Guidance Document on Percutaneous Arteriovenous Fistulae for Dialysis Access

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
What are the up-to-date society-based consensus recommendations for the creation and maturation of percutaneous arteriovenous fistulae (pAVFs) for hemodialysis access?

💡 **Key Insight:**
Vessel mapping is essential for successful pAVF creation, evaluating inflow arteries, perforator vein(s), and superficial outflow veins.

Although technical success of pAVF creation is >95%, patients should be aware that many of the fistulae will require additional procedures to ensure fistula maturation. Successful cannulation rates are approximately 80%.

The interventionalist is responsible for postprocedural pAVF management, which usually includes a follow-up visit 1–2 weeks after creating a pAVF.

Use the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code (36836 or 36837) for percutaneous creation of upper extremity AVFs (these codes refer to procedures performed via single or dual access sites.)

👉 **Why it matters:**
Percutaneous AVF creation offers many benefits over surgical AVFs with ongoing evidence of its safety and effectiveness. This practice guidance document serves as a summary of what is required to develop a pAVF program, including patient preparation, performance of the procedure, adverse event management, and follow-up care.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wYyMR

12/17/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** A Prospective Single-Arm Trial of Genicular Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Biomarker Outcomes

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
What are the longitudinal effects of genicular artery embolization (G*E) on biomarkers implicated in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) pathogenesis?

💡 **Key Insight:**
Genicular artery embolization (G*E) provided significant and sustained clinical improvements in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

G*E demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with adverse events being predominantly mild and transient.

G*E was associated with a significant reduction in key inflammatory and angiogenic biomarkers (vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) at 12 months.

👉 **Why it matters:**
G*E is a safe treatment for symptomatic KOA, providing clinically significant pain relief for a subset of patients. The observed reductions in serum VEGF and IL-1Ra levels following G*E may contribute to local pain relief and decreased inflammation in the knee joints.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wYrv6

*E

12/11/2025

Updated SIR guidance is now available for percutaneous AV fistula creation and maturation. The recommendations provide best practices for patient preparation, procedural steps, managing complications and post-procedure follow-up. Access the full guidance today: https://brnw.ch/21wYfY5?

12/10/2025

The December 2025 Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology audio abstracts are here! Explore the latest studies, from kidney transplant and knee osteoarthritis interventions to colonic bleeding, liver embolization and pulmonary toxicity. Get quick, actionable insights in audio form, perfect for on-the-go learning.🔊🏃

This recording features audio versions of December 2025 Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (JVIR) abstracts.

12/09/2025

Discover Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology's December 2025 special issue on cutting-edge translational research in IR. With 19 Research-in-Translation mini-reviews curated by resident fellows, this issue highlights the innovations poised to drive the next major advances in clinical interventional radiology. https://brnw.ch/21wYd9L

11/19/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** First-in-Human Evaluation of a New Resorbable Microspherical Embolic Agent for Genicular Artery Embolization to Treat Pain Secondary to Knee Osteroarthritis

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
Is genicular artery embolization (G*E) using a resorbable microspherical embolic agent a safe and effective treatment for pain secondary to knee osteoarthritis (KOA)?

💡 **Key Insight:**
This first-in-human study reports on the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a new resorbable embolic agent, SakuraBead (CrannMed, Galway, Ireland), specifically designed for musculoskeletal embolotherapy.

Fifteen patients underwent successful genicular artery embolization with 100% technical success.

There was a statistically significant reduction (P < .001) in mean visual analog scale score of 73.8%, 75.7%, and 63.1% at 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively. There was a 79.1% reduction in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score at both 1 and 3 months, and 75.8% reduction was maintained at 6 months (P < .01); this was accompanied by a reduction in WOMAC pain score of 80.3%, 82.4%, and 78.7% at 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively (P < .01).

👉 **Why it matters:**
This limited pilot study demonstrated that genicular artery embolization using alginate resorbable microspheres was safe and provided significant improvement in pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis maintained to 6-month follow-up.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wXDuI

*E

11/13/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** Mesenteric Lymphangiography as a New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool for Refractory Chylous Lymphatic Leakages and Protein-Losing Enteropathy

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
Is mesenteric lymphangiography (mLAG) is technically feasible and clinically useful for patients with refractory chylous ascites, chylothorax, and protein-losing enteropathy (PLE)?

💡 **Key Insight:**
Mesenteric lymphangiography (mLAG), via a percutaneous or intraoperative approach, is technically feasible and safe.

The utility of mLAG is in imaging the blind spots of conventional lymphatic studies, especially for chylous ascites and protein-losing enteropathy, and it allows for embolization of mesenteric lymphatics.

👉 **Why it matters:**
mLAG is technically feasible and safe. It can be a useful tool to image the mesenteric lymphatics or perform mesenteric lymphatic embolization.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wXsEw

11/03/2025

Your November issue of the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology is here! This issue features the MOSAIC Study, a clinical study on a new G*E using a resorbable microspherical embolic agent and an analysis on JVIR and CVIR publications. Read the full issue now: https://brnw.ch/21wXa4Z

10/31/2025

Meet the incoming Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology co-editors-in-chief! Charles E. Ray Jr., MD, PhD, FSIR, and Brian F. Funaki, MD, FSIR, are ready to take on the flagship SIR publication in the new year! jvir.org

10/30/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** Thermal Ablation Modalities That Best Compete with Partial Nephrectomy for T1A and T1B Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Network Meta-Analysis

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
Which thermal ablation modality is best suited for treating T1A and T1B renal cell carcinoma (RCC), in terms of efficacy and safety, from a network meta-analysis?

💡 **Key Insight:**
Percutaneous thermal ablation techniques offer oncologic and safety outcomes comparable with those of surgical interventions for both T1A and T1B renal tumors.
Percutaneous microwave ablation may be highly effective for treating T1A tumors, demonstrating superior outcomes compared with those of partial nephrectomy.
Open partial nephrectomy remains the most effective treatment for T1B tumors.

👉 **Why it matters:**
For patients with T1A tumors, percutaneous microwave ablation demonstrated superior outcomes compared with those of partial nephrectomy. For patients with T1B tumors who are unfit for surgery, percutaneous thermal ablations may serve as viable alternatives.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wX45t

10/21/2025

**NEW IN JVIR:** Radiofrequency Ablation in the Management of Extensive Multinodular Goiter: A Midterm Single-Center Experience

🔍 **Clinical Question:**
Is radiofrequency (RF) ablation effective in providing cosmetic and symptom relief for patients with extensive multinodular goiter?

💡 **Key Insight:**
This study evaluated the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in patients with extensive multinodular goiter, targeting at least 3 nodules in bilobar distribution with a follow-up of 40.5 months.
RF ablation demonstrated a mean volume reduction of 85.3% in treated thyroid nodules, significantly improving both cosmetic appearance and local symptoms.
Repeated RF ablation sessions were required in 32.5% of patients due to additional target nodules, incomplete ablation, or new nodule growth.

👉 **Why it matters:**
Radiofrequency (RF) ablation in patients with extensive multinodular goiter avoids the need for thyroid hormone replacement therapy or surgery and provides a rate of cosmetic and symptom relief comparable with that achieved by RF ablation in cases of uninodular or binodular goiter.

➡️ **Full Article:** https://brnw.ch/21wWOhc

10/17/2025

Your open access Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology evidence-based CME article this month is Effectiveness of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation for the Treatment of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome. Be sure to read it and claim your CME now: https://brnw.ch/21wWIsl