Andrew Fleshel

Andrew Fleshel Somatic Hypnotherapy & Hypnotic Cradle Regression. ANDRE FLESHEL MA in PSYCHOLOGY, TRAUMA INFORMED COACH. Психотерапевт, тренер, супервизор

CERTIFIED IN HYPNO-THERAPY, TRAUMA-THERAPY (BIODYNAMIC & EMDR), SOMATIC THERAPY, TRAUMA-FOCUS, COACHING, HNLP, SOMNOTHERAPY (SLEEP REGULATION)

80% of People Don’t Really Know How to Think straight — Yet Are Convinced They’re Surrounded by Idiots“2% of people thin...
10/02/2026

80% of People Don’t Really Know How to Think straight — Yet Are Convinced They’re Surrounded by Idiots

“2% of people think; 3% think they think; and 95% would rather die than think.”
(often attributed to George Bernard Shaw)

Incredible — yet obvious.

Almost everyone is convinced they can think independently, and most people see their own judgments as logical.

At the same time, findings associated with German neurophysiologist Gerhard Roth are often interpreted this way: only about 15–20 out of 100 consistently respond to rational arguments and evidence, while the majority are influenced more by social environment, emotional framing, and authority signals.

To be fair, even this very claim can itself appeal to emotion.

And yet I dare to assume that most readers will agree with it — and, most interestingly, will automatically place themselves in that 15–20% “thinking minority.”

According to the Dunning–Kruger effect, this is exactly what we should expect: many people with lower competence in a domain tend to overestimate their correctness and intellectual superiority.

In the classic work by David Dunning and Justin Kruger, participants with lower scores significantly overestimated their competence — precisely because they lacked the metacognitive tools to assess themselves accurately.

Those who actually train their thinking usually don’t become more arrogant. They become more precise — and more humble.
They begin to notice suggestibility, emotional triggers, cognitive bias, and how easily the brain produces “logical explanations” for decisions that were made emotionally first.

People who develop independent thinking are often more aware of their own suggestibility, biases, emotional vulnerability, and other forms of intellectual imperfection.

This does not mean the 15–20% are blind to the inertia of the majority or unaware of their differences.

That awareness can bring advantages — but it can also bring horror and disgust.

Among my clients, I’ve seen people go through deep existential crises rooted in the collapse of hope for a world where common sense and goodness are foundational values that will eventually prevail.

But who am I to judge?
I place myself in that 15–20%.

And still, I keep believing that the drive toward growth, mutual support, the wish to create safer environments, love, and kindness are built-in mechanisms of evolution.

Is that rational?

What do you think?

Do you consider yourself part of the 15–20% — or a different category?

2) Facebook Post (Engaging, ready to publish)
80% of people don’t really think — but are sure they’re surrounded by idiots.

Most people are confident in their “independent thinking.”
Most people also believe their conclusions are “logical.”

But here’s the uncomfortable part: many of our decisions are driven less by logic and more by emotional triggers, social influence, and authority cues.

That’s why the Dunning–Kruger effect is so relevant:
the less developed someone’s skill in a domain, the harder it is for them to accurately evaluate their own competence.

Real thinking practice usually doesn’t make people louder.
It makes them more accurate, more self-aware, and often more humble.

You start seeing:

how suggestible the mind is,

how bias shapes perception,

how the brain “explains” decisions after the fact.

I still believe growth, mutual support, kindness, and building safe environments are not weakness — they are part of human evolution.

Is that rational?

Question for you:
Do you think you belong to the “thinking minority”?
And by what criteria do you test yourself?

Psychosomatic Aspects of Women’s Health Conditions: Internal Conflicts, Destructive Beliefs, and Suppressed EmotionsMode...
10/02/2026

Psychosomatic Aspects of Women’s Health Conditions: Internal Conflicts, Destructive Beliefs, and Suppressed Emotions

Modern medicine increasingly recognizes the connection between psychological states and physical illness.
In women’s health, this connection is often especially visible: emotional pain, chronic stress, trauma history, social pressure, and identity conflicts can significantly influence symptom severity, disease course, and quality of life.

Scientific Basis of Psychosomatic Links

Neurobiological mechanisms

* Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
* Release of cortisol and other stress hormones
* Immune system alterations
* Autonomic dysregulation

Evidence-based findings

* Chronic stress can weaken immune function
* Traumatic experiences can alter nervous system regulation
* Emotional states can affect endocrine balance

---

Common Myths About Psychosomatics

Frequent misconceptions

* “It’s all made up / there is no real illness.”
* “Just calm down and it will go away.”
* “Psychosomatic = faking.”
* “It’s either psyche or body — not both.”
* “It’s a sign of weakness.”

# # # # **Dangerous distortions**

* “All diseases are psychosomatic.”
* “You don’t need medical treatment.”
* “If I find the psychological cause, I’m cured instantly.”
* “One trauma regression solves everything.”
* “A single model explains all illnesses.”

Oversimplified ‘formula thinking’

* “Fibroids = not wanting children”
* “Endometriosis = resentment toward men”
* “Ovarian cysts = suppressed femininity”

This is reductionism. Real clinical work is more nuanced.

**Clinical Reality**

* Medical diagnostics are essential.
* Psychosomatic factors are **one part** of a multidimensional picture.
* Effective care requires an integrated approach: medicine + psychotherapy + self-regulation + lifestyle + social support.
* There are rarely linear one-to-one causes.
* Healing usually takes time and layered work.

**Common Psychological Patterns in Women’s Psychosomatic Disorders**

**Core trauma patterns**

* Sexual violence and coercion
* Disrupted mother-daughter attachment
* Emotional neglect
* Chronic boundary violations
* Systemic suppression of female agency

# # # **Core internal conflicts**

* “Being myself vs meeting expectations”
* “Strength vs vulnerability”
* “Control vs trust”
* “Self-realization vs traditional roles”
* “Intimacy vs safety”

# # # **Suppressed emotional clusters**

* Anger (especially related to coercion/violation)
* Fear (physical and emotional)
* Shame (body, sexuality, emotional expression)
* Powerlessness under social pressure

# # # **Frequent limiting beliefs**

* “My body does not belong to me.”
* “I must be perfect.”
* “People can’t be trusted.”
* “I have no right to my own desires.”
* “Self-care is selfish.”

# # # **Protective adaptations**

* Disconnection from the body
* Hypercontrol
* People-pleasing
* Intimacy avoidance
* Perfectionism

---

# # **How to Recognize a Psychosomatic Component**

# # # **General indicators**

* Symptoms start after stress or trauma events
* Exacerbations during emotional overload
* Improvement when stress decreases
* Wave-like course and atypical dynamics
* Partial resistance to standard medical treatment
* Markers of stress physiology (e.g., cortisol shifts, autonomic dysregulation)

---

# # **Examples of Conditions and Relevant Psychosomatic Themes**

> Important: these are **not simplistic causes**, but possible contributing layers in assessment and treatment planning.

# # # 1) **Uterine Fibroids**

* Medical: benign smooth-muscle tumor, hormone-sensitive, inflammation-related factors
* Possible psychosomatic amplifiers: chronic stress, anxiety/depressive states, unresolved internal conflicts, control/fear dynamics

# # # 2) **Endometriosis**

* Medical: ectopic endometrial-like tissue, pain, bleeding, infertility risk
* Possible psychosomatic amplifiers: stress reactivity, trauma burden, pain sensitization, chronic anxiety

# # # 3) **Uterine Prolapse**

* Medical: pelvic floor and connective tissue factors, hormonal/neuromuscular components
* Psychological themes: “loss of support,” status collapse, conflict between autonomy and dependence

# # # 4) **Ovarian Cysts**

* Medical: endocrine and ovulatory dysregulation, inflammatory and immunological factors
* Psychological themes: inhibited self-expression, suppressed sexuality, fear of judgment

# # # 5) **Urinary Incontinence**

* Medical: autonomic and neuromuscular coordination, sphincter regulation under stress
* Psychological themes: fear of losing control, social anxiety, boundary stress, chronic shame

# # # 6) **Migraines**

* Medical: trigeminovascular system, neurogenic inflammation, cortical excitability
* Psychological themes: perfectionistic overload, suppressed anger, unprocessed internal pressure

---

# # **Therapeutic Approach: What Actually Works**

# # # **Medical interventions**

* Standard evidence-based protocols
* Hormonal/anti-inflammatory/surgical options when indicated
* Ongoing physiological monitoring

# # # **Psychotherapeutic interventions**

* CBT (beliefs, behavior, stress management)
* Trauma-focused therapies (EMDR, Somatic Experiencing, sensorimotor work)
* Body-oriented psychotherapy and self-regulation skills
* Work with boundaries, identity, relational patterns, and secondary gain

# # # **Self-help foundations**

* Breath regulation
* Progressive relaxation
* Mindfulness
* Adapted yoga / movement / grounding
* Emotional journaling and trigger mapping
* Sleep, nutrition, activity rhythm, social support

---

# # **Key Clinical Principle**

Psychosomatic therapy requires broad professional literacy.
It should not be reduced to:

* symptom-only pharmacology,
* trauma regression alone,
* “one conflict = one disease” formulas,
* or purely intellectual insight without body regulation and life restructuring.

In many cases, the core question is not only “How do we remove symptoms?” but also:

* What is this symptom protecting?
* What values conflict does it point to?
* What adaptation strategy has become destructive?
* Where do we need acceptance, where change, and where pain regulation?
* Which intervention layer is primary **for this specific person** right now?

---

# # **Distinctive Features of Women’s Psychosomatic Disorders**

# # # For clients

* Social stigma and taboo around “women’s issues”
* Shame and delayed help-seeking
* Strong impact on identity, sexuality, reproductive meaning, and self-worth
* Cyclical/hormonal patterns and life-stage shifts (pregnancy, postpartum, menopause)

# # # For clinicians

* Complex differential diagnosis
* Need for gender-sensitive and trauma-informed communication
* Cultural-context awareness
* Safe therapeutic alliance with respect for boundaries and dignity

---

# # **Final Takeaway**

Effective psychosomatic treatment is:

* integrated,
* individualized,
* diagnostically grounded,
* and focused on root patterns rather than symptom suppression alone.

The goal is not only symptom reduction, but a deeper restoration of:

* self-regulation,
* embodied safety,
* agency,
* and meaningful life organization around values — not fear.

---

What resonates most with you in this approach?
If you want, I can publish a separate practical post with:

1. a self-screening checklist,
2. red flags for when to seek medical care urgently,
3. a 7-day starter plan for stress-related psychosomatic symptoms.

✍️ **Expressive Writing: Pennebaker’s Method for Personal Healing** ❤️Unlike many other journaling approaches, expressiv...
10/02/2026

✍️ **Expressive Writing: Pennebaker’s Method for Personal Healing** ❤️

Unlike many other journaling approaches, expressive writing is grounded in a strong scientific foundation. It has been widely studied and tested in work with psychological trauma and emotional disorders. Developed by psychologist James Pennebaker, this method has shown effectiveness in processing stressful experiences and improving both mental and physical health 🧠📚.

📒 **How to Keep a Therapeutic Journal**

**1. Choose a Topic**
💔 Pick an event that has deep personal meaning for you. It can be something that triggers strong emotions or is connected to an important life experience.

**2. Be Consistent**
⏳ Write for at least 15–20 minutes daily for four consecutive days. This is usually enough time to engage deeply with thoughts and emotions.

**3. Write Continuously**
🌊 Once you start, keep writing without stopping. Don’t pause to edit, fix mistakes, or search for perfect words. The key is to keep the flow going.

**4. Focus on Feelings**
❤️ Pay attention to your deepest feelings and thoughts about the chosen event. Allow yourself to be honest and open, even if painful emotions arise.

**5. Keep It Private**
🔒 Remember: this writing is for you. These notes are not for anyone else’s eyes. If it feels safer, you can destroy them afterward.

**6. Emotional Response and “Inner Resistance”**
😢🕰️ Be prepared: after writing, you may feel sadness or emotional heaviness. This is a normal response and usually passes with time. Plan some quiet recovery time after each session to support yourself and process what comes up.

Breathe slowly. Sigh when needed, so you don’t get stuck in difficult emotions.

If it’s hard to begin, start exactly there. For example:
*“I feel confused and irritated, and I don’t know where to start…”*
Then continue. You can describe your state and even your resistance itself. The main thing is to get your pen moving, get past the freeze, and then you may surprise yourself.

**7. Pause If Necessary**
🚫 If writing triggers intense negative emotions that feel unmanageable, stop. In such cases, professional support may be helpful. You can start by messaging me directly—ask a question or share your doubts.

# # # **Conclusion**

Pennebaker’s method not only helps with current emotional struggles but also supports long-term psychological well-being. By applying these principles, you can use expressive writing as a powerful self-help tool.

💡 **I’d love to hear your thoughts about this approach.**
If you decide to try it, share your experience and results.

How I Quit Smoking Without Any Torture: What Really Works in Psychotherapy and How to Do It on Your OwnA psychotherapy-b...
27/01/2026

How I Quit Smoking Without Any Torture: What Really Works in Psychotherapy and How to Do It on Your Own

A psychotherapy-based view and a self-help path

I quit smoking twice.

Both times without violence toward myself—relying not on willpower, but on creativity, awareness, and neuroplasticity.

I didn’t deprive myself by “limiting pleasure.” On the contrary: I enriched my life and improved its quality.

The second, “adult” time (a couple of years ago) isn’t as interesting from the perspective of creativity.

With age-related physical changes in mind,
I weighed the benefits and harms of smoking—risks, losses, and gains of quitting. I did my own “factor analysis” (roughly: averaging the pros and cons) for the short and long term—and I quit.

And again, I set myself up this way:

if strong cravings appeared, I would analyze what experiences I was suppressing, which needs I was substituting, and I would focus on the gains of **not smoking**, not the losses.

For me, it wasn’t deprivation—it was self-knowledge: a challenge, a game, a reset of character, neuroplasticity training—useful for every area of life.

But the first time is much more interesting for anyone who’s struggling with the contradictions of quitting.

---

# # It started back when I was a psychology student

I was a psychology student and had already begun running trainings.

A semi-bohemian student life: trainings, late-night kitchen gatherings, performances, adventures, our Transpersonal Club. A diet of tea, books, and ci******es—almost a philosophical survival minimum.

Back then, a cigarette wasn’t “ni****ne.” It was a ritual. A social password. A pause for thought. A state switch. A small fire around which life gathered.

That’s why I didn’t consider it a problem for a long time.

Something becomes a problem not when it’s “bad,” but when you suddenly see: it’s no longer “sometimes.” It has woven itself into your life. It has become structure. It has become something that quietly controls your transitions, your emotions, and your relationship with yourself.

---

# # When addiction starts speaking through your own words

I noticed not so much the number of ci******es, but **how** I answered questions about smoking.

Not discussing. Not exploring. But deflecting—excuses, jokes, clever tricks, sometimes arrogant and dismissive. Those classic addicted phrases that sound smart and free, but serve one purpose: **not listening to yourself and not getting close to the truth.**

> “I’ve been smoking for years.”
> “It’s organic dependence.”
> “Life is short.”
> “I smoke because it feels good.”

And then my professional self kicked in. Completely logical questions:

* What function does smoking serve?
* What emotions does it help numb?
* What needs does it substitute?

The answers pushed me to compare “plus” and “minus” without philosophy. I began catching myself in self-deception. I tried to be honest. And I decided, at the very least, to check: **how free am I, really?**

---

# # Why I didn’t want to quit “militarily”

I wanted to quit according to my own view: non-violent, partly psychoanalytic.

Not because I’m “soft.” But because I saw how the attempt to “get a grip” often turns into a theater of internal roles.

The inner critic presses and humiliates.
The victim collapses and feels ashamed.
The rebel goes to smoke “out of spite.”

And yes—this isn’t just a metaphor. It’s one of the classic addictive games. Self-flagellation, bans, coercion against yourself only intensify it—just like emotional suppression does.

The opposite is awareness, freedom, choice, and responsibility. More precisely: **flexibility of thinking and behavior.** A game. An experiment.

So I decided to quit playfully—step by step, creatively.

---

# My self-help method: a sequence, not a set of tricks

# # 1) I learned to enjoy slowly

First I did something strange: I put everything aside, including my usual book and tea, and started smoking as if for the first time—using all my senses.

The rustle. The aroma. The sensations. Watching the bluish smoke of strong, harsh “Kozatski” papirosy.

Not to romanticize it. But to pull smoking out of autopilot and see: where is pleasure here, and where is anxiety and rushing?

# # 2) I started asking: “Am I already done?”

At the next stage I began asking myself: **Have I already had enough?**

And I discovered a very “oral” kind of anxiety and hurry—as if joy was about to be taken away, as if I had to “catch it” before it disappears.

I trained myself to finish calmly, reassuring myself: nobody is taking anything away. You don’t have to bite into life with your teeth. But the key was: **unhurried.**

# # 3) I learned to feel saturation and let go

Then I began to feel “enough” before finishing—and I could calmly set the cigarette aside. No drama. No “I’m weak.” Just: “It’s enough.”

# # 4) I began catching the compulsive gesture

Then it got even more interesting. I started noticing moments when I compulsively reached for a cigarette—but I didn’t actually want to smoke. So I put it away.

And with that, I learned not to rush to suppress agitation, confusion, or irritation. To tolerate. To relax. Not to run.

# # 5) And here’s what shocked me: “smoking without lighting”

The most striking thing happened when I tried “smoking” without lighting it.

I felt the familiar reactions—calm and fullness—only without the smell in my mouth and without watching the smoke.

I checked again. And again.
“Millions of people can’t be living in an illusion,” I thought.
But the answer was: **they can.**

I felt calm simply from a juicy, slow inhale. And importantly: I felt pride in the discovery—and that dopamine fully compensated the ni****ne effect.

Yes, I had to learn to soothe myself when my hands had nowhere to go. To communicate congruently. Not to fear looking awkward. But now it was a game—a challenge, an adventure.

And here the paradox appeared: **willpower is secondary.** The keys to freedom are awareness and cognitive flexibility.

And clichés like “I’ve smoked for __ years,” “it’s organic dependence,” “life is short,” “I smoke because it feels good” often serve the attempt not to listen to yourself—and to live on autopilot.

I understood this even as a student: the essence of destructive habits is to silence thoughts and feelings—including unpleasant ones and those that call you to face the truth.

---

# Good. But there are also proven psychotherapy approaches

My path is one non-violent exit strategy. It works especially well for those who are ready to explore themselves and don’t want to “break” themselves.

But there are also more standardized, recognized approaches—often effective and well-studied. They require discipline and sometimes work better with pharmacological support (not as weakness, but as a stabilizer).

Below is a brief and clear overview of how different methods help.

---

# # Motivational Interviewing (MI)

A way to leave the battlefield of resistance. The therapist doesn’t push or shame, but helps a person hear themselves: what the cigarette gives, what I fear without it, what choice I’m actually making.

MI is especially useful when there’s an inner conflict: “I want to quit” and “I’m afraid to quit.”

# # CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)

CBT analyzes smoking as a mechanism: trigger → thought → emotion/body → action → short-term reward → cost.

It helps to:

* see autopilot and where it switches on;
* recognize “thought-tricks” (“I need it,” “I can’t handle it,” “I slipped, so it’s over”);
* build new responses so the cigarette stops being the only coping method.

CBT is proven—but for many it’s genuinely harder: it requires discipline and repetition.

# # ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy)

ACT is especially precise when smoking is a way not to feel: anxiety, emptiness, anger, shame, loneliness.

ACT teaches you not to fight cravings but to become larger than them—distinguish thought from fact, tolerate inner states, and live from values rather than automatic reactions.

Also evidence-based, but it requires adult readiness for contact with inner experience.

# # Schema Therapy

Schema therapy is useful when smoking is woven into life patterns: shame, self-punishment, defectiveness, rebellion against control, a deficit of care.

It helps break the “critic–victim–rebel” triangle and build a more mature inner support.

# # Psychodynamic approach

This is exactly what was indirectly embedded in my method: addiction as a way to maintain internal balance.

Psychodynamics helps unpack:

* secondary gains;
* suppressed emotions;
* internal contracts and fears (“If I quit, what becomes scarier?”);
* existential dilemmas the addiction was protecting you from.

# # NLP: submodalities, “swish,” trigger reset—as creativity

I especially like NLP because it feels like creative engineering of the nervous system.

Strong tools include:

* submodalities—changing the “internal picture” of craving so the sensation stops commanding;
* swish—automatic response switching;
* trigger reset—coffee/drive/stress stop launching the cigarette;
* and most importantly: meeting the same need in another way, without coercion.

# # Hypnotherapy: from direct suggestion to resolving the cause

Hypnosis can be different.

Sometimes direct suggestion works—especially when motivation is ripe. But deeper hypnotherapy works when it:

* reduces inner conflict;
* soothes difficult emotions in the reaction chain;
* changes unconscious associations;
* helps “resolve” what previously demanded the cigarette as a regulator.

# # Pharmacological support: a stabilizer, not an admission of weakness

If dependence is strong, ni****ne is tightly embedded physiologically. Pharmacological support (NRT or prescription options via a physician) can provide the resource for the psyche to learn new responses without the constant “body scream.”

---

# Take one adult step: self-assessment instead of heroics

To avoid slogans and build a strategy that fits you, here’s a simple proposal: take our short self-assessment (3–4 minutes). It helps you understand:

* what function smoking serves;
* which emotions you’re numbing;
* which needs you’re substituting;
* which “excuse phrases” keep autopilot running;
* where secondary gains and fears hide;
* which approach fits best (my path / CBT / ACT / NLP / hypnotherapy / combination).

---

# # Mini self-assessment (3–4 minutes)

1. How much do you smoke/use ni****ne per day? (cigs/vape/pouches) ___
2. Goal: quit / reduce / understand my pattern ___
3. Readiness for the next 2 weeks (0–10): ___ (why not 0?) ___
4. Top 3 triggers: morning / coffee / after meals / driving / stress / conflict / boredom-emptiness / social situations / alcohol / evening ___
5. Main function (up to 3): reduce anxiety / pause-boundaries / focus / energize / silence inner dialogue / numb anger-shame-guilt / fill emptiness / ritual-image / self-punishment / other ___
6. What I fear without smoking (1–2): can’t handle anxiety / become irritable / lose focus / feel empty / lose pauses / gain weight / “won’t be myself” ___
7. Emotions near cravings (up to 3): anxiety / anger / shame / guilt / resentment / sadness / emptiness / loneliness / boredom / helplessness ___
8. Self-criticism/self-punishment: no / sometimes / often. How does it sound? ___
9. What most often caused relapse before? ___
10. What would be “success” in 2 weeks (one sentence)? ___

---

# # How to choose an approach (very short)

* If the main issue is autopilot, rituals, triggers → CBT + NLP works great.
* If you smoke to avoid feeling → ACT + hypnotherapy/body regulation.
* If there’s self-punishment, shame, inner conflict → schema/psychodynamic + hypnotherapy.
* If you want to exit without war and with creativity → my step-by-step path (and it can be combined with any method).
* If dependence is strong physiologically → consider pharmacological support via a physician to avoid “heroics.”

---

# Want to quit without a war with yourself?

Take my short self-assessment (3–4 minutes): it will show what function smoking serves for you (anxiety, pause, control, emotional numbing, emptiness, etc.) and where autopilot starts.

Copy your answers and send them to me—I’ll build a personalized strategy: which approaches will give you the best result (CBT/ACT/NLP/hypnotherapy/combination) and what to start with over the next 2 weeks.

**Contacts (text only, no calls):**
**Mobile Phone:** +1 267 281 4404 (Please send a message — text only, no calls.)
**WhatsApp / Telegram:** +1 215 722 9722 (Please send a message — text only, no calls.)
**Website:** fleshel.info

**Our place:** 78 Tomlinson Rd, Huntingdon Valley / Philadelphia, PA 19006
Map: [https://maps.app.goo.gl/vNEy83beVtM3ZA7u8](https://maps.app.goo.gl/vNEy83beVtM3ZA7u8)

****neaddiction

Secondary Gains: The Hidden Logic of Self-Sabotage.Secondary gains. Are they really “gains” if we end up deceiving ourse...
20/01/2026

Secondary Gains: The Hidden Logic of Self-Sabotage.
Secondary gains. Are they really “gains” if we end up deceiving ourselves?

“Secondary gains” is a term used for hidden reasons behind a victim position, self-destructive behavior, or a refusal of freedom, independence, choice, responsibility, self-care, and letting go of helplessness. It can show up through illness, destructive relationships, addictions, and similar patterns.

**Examples of subtle “secondary gain” logic:**

* “If I heal, stop suffering, stop sacrificing myself, and start living independently…”
* “People will stop taking care of me and feeling sorry for me—and I won’t survive stressful situations without that pity.”
* “I won’t know how to behave in familiar situations in a new way.”
* “It scares me that my life and behavior will no longer have meaning.”
* “I’ll have no excuses. I’ll have to go out into the world and deal with hard problems—and I don’t believe I can. And I will never allow people to find out.”
* “If I get better, my family will lose the person who keeps everyone together.”
* “My mother will feel unnecessary if she has no one to care for.”

In a sense, calling these strategies “gains” can be harsh and arrogant. Saying that someone *enjoys* being a victim, being sick, feeling sorry for themselves, or staying stuck is usually inaccurate. More often, the person simply doesn’t believe another option exists. And the challenges that come with freedom don’t just feel difficult—they can feel like a real threat.

We should admit something else: these feelings naturally trigger disgust and irritation in others, and they make it hard to feel the person’s helplessness—because empathy would require us to touch that unbearable helplessness too. It’s much easier to think: “She actually likes being a victim; it’s convenient. He chooses it.”

But in reality, this is often not a choice—because inside, it feels like there are no alternatives.

Sometimes in therapy, once a client becomes aware of these secondary processes, they realize they won’t be able to continue without sabotaging progress—and they openly admit they are not ready to “allow therapy to succeed.”

I once had a client who realized she was preventing her healing from fully completing because she felt intense fear connected to uncertainty: how she would behave in everyday life without her familiar excuse. The fear was so strong—and her belief in her ability to adapt was so weak—that despite rapid progress, she stopped therapy and settled for partial relief.

There were cases when I myself declined to work with a client at the early stages, honestly saying I doubted my ability to help. I suggested they rethink their relationship to therapy or find a calmer, more supportive therapist. I prefer to work toward results.

Sometimes, based on trust that has formed, a client chooses to continue—working directly with those fears, developing capacity and character, healing childhood fears, and building healthy traits.

**Psychological defenses try to protect us from:**

* Fear of making fatal mistakes
* Fear of exhaustion / wasted effort
* Fear of pain
* Fear of uncertainty
* Fear of losing control
* Fear of helplessness
* Fear of going “crazy”
* Fear of depression
* Fear of despair
* Fear of disappointment
* Fear of judgment
* Fear of rejection / abandonment
* Fear of expressing anger / dissatisfaction (so we won’t be rejected or judged)
* Fear of being truly seen: “If they learn what I’m really like, they will turn away from me.”

**To explore so-called secondary gains, these conditions matter:**

* Stay open and unbiased, which means:

* Stop justifying and explaining yourself
* Recognize that these reactions follow not adult rational logic, but the emotional logic of a child (many things feel dangerous and unbearable)
* Stop being angry at yourself for having these reactions
* Admit these reactions began long ago, often outside awareness
* Accept that they were the best available way to cope at the time
* Understand they served an important need at that age

**Write about your experience with “secondary choices.” How do you understand the hidden reasons behind self-sabotage?**
*Ask away.*

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