03/27/2026
Getting lost during Phase 4 of EMDR therapy? 🔦
One of the most frequent questions we receive in our EMDR clinical training sessions is: "How do I know when to return to the target memory, and when should I actually check the SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance)?"
In this episode of EMDR Analogies, CompassionWorks Trainer Amber Quaranta-Leech shares her brilliant "Cave System" metaphor to make navigating Phase 4 processing crystal clear for trauma therapists:
🦇 The Target Memory (Mouth of the Cave): This is Phase 3, where you gather the clinical information needed to start processing.
🚶♀️ Bilateral Stimulation (Walking the Cave): You apply sets of BLS, asking the client, "What do you notice?"
🧱 Hitting the Wall: You know a specific associative channel is cleared when you get a positive, neutral, or blank response.
✊ Checking the Wall: Do two more sets of bilateral stimulation to ensure the client isn't just stuck. You need three non-negative responses in a row.
🔄 Returning to Target: Leave that specific cave, go back to the original incident, and ask what they notice now to see if another trauma pathway needs exploring.
Pro-Tip for EMDR Clinicians: You ONLY check the SUD when you are absolutely certain every single associative pathway has been explored and the response to the original target memory is purely positive or neutral.
Watch the full video to see Amber break down this essential clinical skill. Save this post as a quick reference guide for your next EMDR session!