02/10/2026
A new study out of Australia looked at what happened after a statewide EMS system stopped using semi-rigid cervical collars and transitioned to soft collars for trauma patients.
Ambulance Victoria made the switch in 2021. This paper examined downstream effects at a major trauma center.
Here’s what they found:
📊 Imaging & clearance
• CT C-spine rates increased (93.9% vs 88.4%)
• Patients were 4× more likely to have their cervical spine cleared in the ED
• Only 21.6% of patients in soft collars left the ED still immobilized vs 53.2% with semi-rigid collars
🧠 Patient outcomes
• No statistically significant difference in spinal cord injury
• No meaningful difference in pressure sores
• No meaningful difference in hospital-acquired pneumonia
📉 Important limitations
• Not powered to detect very small differences in spinal cord injury.
• Single-center trauma study
• More elderly and fall-related trauma in the soft-collar group
🔎 Why this matters
Read on its own, this study shows that moving away from rigid collars did not lead to worse patient outcomes in a real-world EMS system.
Read alongside The National Association of EMS Physicians - Naemsp Trauma Compendium by Dr. Mike Millin and colleagues, it becomes more interesting.
The NAEMSP paper challenges the long-held assumption that post-injury spinal movement is the primary driver of delayed neurologic injury, and highlights stronger evidence for hypoperfusion, hypotension, and secondary ischemia, while also detailing the very real harms associated with immobilization.
The Australian data doesn’t resolve every question, but it shows what happens when a system acts on that evolving evidence.
No safety signal emerged.
But downstream care changed.
This study doesn’t end the cervical spine debate, but it helps EMS leaders place theory next to practice as they rethink how spinal protection should look in modern prehospital care.
Read the full study here:https://www.handtevy.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/2024-Australian-Soft-Collar.pdf