10/27/2025
“…while others, due to lack of clinical knowledge and digital literacy, are more likely to suffer from clinically inappropriate responses… we argue that reducing psychotherapy—a deeply meaningful and relational process—to a language generation task can have serious and harmful implications in practice.” ~ Ifthikar et al 2025
“Serious and harmful implications.” Translate: Someone Is Going To Get Hurt. Ethical codes exist to protect the public from harm; in a space where ethics do not exist (e.g., unlicensed non-professionals and pseudo-experts), people will get hurt. It’s not “if”, it’s “when”.
There is, unfortunately, a prevalence and ubiquitousness of pseudo-experts and other types in the field of law enforcement mental health who are enabled, encouraged, and given the stage and an entree into agencies. These folks are unlicensed but operating on the fringe of mental health, in the wellness space, where neither governing ethical codes nor regulatory licensing boards exist.
As an interesting parallel or analogy, this article highlights concerns regarding “unethical” mental health practices by LLMs - Large Langauge Model AI - specifically Lack of Safety & Crisis Management, Poor Therapuetic Collaboration, Deceptive Empathy, Lack of Contextual Understanding, and Unfair Discrimination.
https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AIES/article/view/36632
Operating from the premise that LLMs or AI can be unethical, as the article suggests, consider this question:
What is the difference between these LLMs operating in the mental health space and pseudo-experts and hobbyists operating in the space?
As someone responsible for the mental wellness of law enforcement, would you entrust LEO mental health to a LLM or an AI? If not, then why would you enable and entrust unlicensed opportunists to invade the space? To misinform LEOs? To present well beyond their scope of any competence?
If you wouldn’t tell cops or Chiefs to put LEO mental health under the care of an “unethical” LLM, why would you put unlicensed MHPs in a position of influence in the space?
As we move into new territory, the lack of regulation regarding AI is problematic, especially in mental health - but for a very long time so has the lack of regulation (and the field’s enabling) of pseudo-experts, hobbyists, self-appointed celebrity podcasters, wellness influencers, coaches, and other unlicensed, non-MHPs operating in the law enforcement mental health space.
Please - for the sake of our LEOs - before taking anyone in the mental health or wellness space at their word, before confusing glitter for gold, before plucking the low hanging fruit, ask the questions:
What is your degree?, What is your license? Etc.
Iftikhar, Z., Xiao, A., Ransom, S., Huang, J., & Suresh, H. (2025, October). How LLM Counselors Violate Ethical Standards in Mental Health Practice: A Practitioner-Informed Framework. In Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 1311-1323).