11/11/2025
Choosing how best to stabilize severe ARDS patients is a difficult task. Should your team prone early or consider advanced options like ECMO? While both are viable options, each has its strengths and challenges.
With prone therapy, the PROSEVA trial (Guérin et al., 2013) demonstrated that early and extended prone positioning can nearly halve mortality rates in severe ARDS compared with remaining supine. Prone therapy also:
✅ Improves Oxygenation
✅Reduces potential for ventilator induced lung injury
✅Improves ventilation/perfusion matching.
Prone therapy does incur some risk with the potential for ET dislodgement, loss of lines, and the risk of caregiver injury. Automated prone therapy with the Pronova-O2 can help with these issues due to its intelligent design.
The use of ECMO has demonstrated mixed outcomes. The CESAR trial (Peek et al., 2009) demonstrated a 63% reduction in freedom from death or major disability compared to 47% in the control group but there were a number of issues noted in the study. 24% of the ECMO group did not require ECMO and only 70% of the control group received lung protective ventilation as opposed to 90% of the ECMO group. Prone positioning was only used in 42% and 37% of patients in the control group and ECMO group respectively. These results demonstrated the importance of lung protective ventilation and specialist input rather than the benefits of ECMO.
In the EOLIA trial (Combes et al., 2018), prone positioning and neuromuscular blocking agents were encouraged with 90% of the control group undergoing prone positioning compared to 66% in the ECMO group. There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups. The trial did suggest the potential for ECMO to be used as a rescue effort in patients in whom conventional management failed. 43% of patients that failed conventional management and were crossed over to ECMO were alive at day 60. Subsequent meta-analyses combining data from these trials show that there seems to be a reduction in mortality at 60 days in patients with severe ARDS treated with ECMO.
Complications with ECMO are similar to those seen with other central venous access procedures:
✅Bleeding
✅Haematoma
✅Damage to adjacent structures
✅Pneumothorax
✅Arrhythmias
✅Use of longer guidewires and large cannulae also can cause tricuspid valve injury, cardiac perforation/tamponade and air embolism
When choosing the appropriate intervention, practice guidelines are a good place to start. International guidelines (Grasselli, et al., ICM 2023 and Qadir et al., AJRCCM 2024) advise teams to start with prone maneuvers before stepping up to ECMO if oxygenation still falls short. As you weigh these data, it’s vital to consider staffing, resource availability, and associated risks. Prone therapy typically deploys quickly and minimizes vascular injury. ECMO can be lifesaving in certain refractory cases but requires a specialized crew and constant monitoring.
For more information about automated prone therapy and the Pronova-O2™, call us at 855-ASK-TURN, email at mailto:info@turnmedical.com , or visit our website at http://www.turnmedical.com .
It’s all about choosing the right option, safely, systematically, and according to your unit’s capabilities.
™ -O2™