Cureus Journal of Medical Science

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Cureus Journal of Medical Science

The Open Access medical journal for a new generation of doctors, researchers and patients. Cureus currently recognizes the following medical specialties.
(1)

Don’t see your specialty listed? Contact us at support@cureus.com. A
Allergy and Immunology
Anatomy
Anesthesiology
C
Cardiac/Thoracic/Vascular Surgery
Cardiology
Critical Care
D
Dentistry
Dermatology
Diabetes and Endocrinology
E
Emergency Medicine
Epidemiology and Public Health
F
Family Medicine
Forensic Medicine
G
Gastroenterology
General Practice
Genetics
Geriatrics
H
Health Policy
Hematology
HIV/AIDS
Hospital-based Medicine
I
Infectious Disease
Integrative/Complementary Medicine
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine-Pediatrics
M
Medical Education and Simulation
Medical Physics
N
Nephrology
Neurological Surgery
Neurology
Nuclear Medicine
Nutrition
O
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Occupational Health
Oncology
Ophthalmology
Optometry
Oral Medicine
Orthopaedics
Osteopathic Medicine
Otolaryngology
P
Pain Management
Palliative Care
Pathology
Pediatrics
Pediatric Surgery
Pharmacology
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Plastic Surgery
Podiatry
Preventive Medicine
Psychiatry
Psychology
Pulmonology
R
Radiation Oncology
Radiology
Rheumatology
S
Substance Use and Addiction
Surgery
T
Therapeutics
Trauma
U
Urology

01/30/2026

Publishing medical research shouldn’t take a year.

With Cureus, your work can be peer-reviewed, indexed in PubMed, and openly accessible to the world without the traditional delays.

From submission to publication, the process is simple, transparent, and built for modern clinicians and researchers.

Share your findings where 300,000+ authors have already published and millions of readers discover new clinical insights every month.

Ready to submit your manuscript?

Read our author guide to learn more and publish with us: https://hubs.la/Q040_vb20

01/29/2026

Chitosan Nanoparticles in Dental Impressions: A Study on Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects

This study evaluates the antibacterial and antifungal properties of chitosan nanoparticles in irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials. The findings highlight their potential in improving the safety and durability of dental materials.

Read more: https://hubs.la/Q040W8pl0

01/29/2026

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decline is a key marker in neurovascular disease…and this study asks an intriguing imaging question: When CBF drops, do veins become more prominent on MRI?

This retrospective analysis of 115 patients undergoing neurological assessment evaluated:
CBF decline using arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI
Global venous visibility using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) MRI

Key results:

CBF decline correlated with increased venous prominence
Spearman’s rho = 0.261, p = 0.005
CBF decline predicted increased venous visibility
OR = 1.690, p = 0.004
Strong inter-rater reliability
Cohen’s kappa = 0.82

Takeaway:

ASL + SWI together may offer a useful window into cerebral hemodynamics, highlighting a systemic relationship between reduced perfusion and venous system changes.

Neuro / radiology question:
If you see increased venous prominence on SWI, do you think it should prompt a closer look at perfusion (ASL or other methods)?
1) Yes; always
2) Sometimes; depends on the case
3) Not necessarily

Comment 1 / 2 / 3 + your reasoning

Read more here: https://www.cureus.com/articles/237414-generalized-venous-prominence-on-susceptibility-weighted-imaging-correlates-with-global-cerebral-blood-flow-decline?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

01/28/2026

What can the world learn from Japan about caring for an aging population?

Japan is now the world’s most aged society with 29% of its population over 65.
From polypharmacy to palliative care, clinicians are innovating right now.

We’re inviting submissions for a Cureus Collection on
Geriatric & Palliative Innovation from Japan.

Submissions open until April 30, 2026

💬 Question for clinicians & researchers:
What should modern medicine prioritize most as populations age?

Learn more and submit to collection: https://hubs.la/Q040KV2s0

01/28/2026

Identifying In-Hospital Risk Factors for Post-Liver Transplant Seizures

This article investigates the risk factors for seizures occurring after liver transplants, focusing on in-hospital variables. Understanding these factors is key for improving patient care and preventing complications.

Read more: https://hubs.la/Q040Jysh0

01/28/2026

Dengue prevention isn’t just about having information, it’s about what people know, believe, and actually do. This cross-sectional GEMKAP subset study analyzed 600 adults in Mexico (18–60 years) using a web-based survey (Sept–Oct 2022) to assess:

Knowledge, attitudes, practices, capability, opportunity, and motivation.

Key findings:

Knowledge score: 48%
Attitudes: 68%
Practices: 42%
Capability: 55%
Opportunity: 61%
Motivation: 58%

Knowledge gaps stood out:

Only 37% knew there are 4 dengue virus types
Only 18% knew co-infection with ≥2 types is possible
93% knew dengue can be fatal

Vaccination attitudes were strong:
79% confidence in vaccination
80% believe vaccine should be available to everyone
24% would NOT get vaccinated if they had to pay
65% would get it if a medical professional recommends it
Top concerns: protection 46%, safety 44%

Takeaway:

People may want to prevent dengue, but knowledge gaps + access barriers can still limit real-world protection.

Your public health take:

What moves the needle most in dengue prevention?
1) Better education on transmission
2) Stronger community vector control
3) More affordable vaccine access
4) Doctor-led recommendations
5) All of the above

Comment 1–5 + why

Read more here: https://www.cureus.com/articles/431166-knowledge-attitudes-and-practices-regarding-dengue-vector-control-and-vaccine-acceptance-among-the-mexican-population?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

01/27/2026

Challenging established ideas in medicine requires open and thoughtful review.

In this Author Spotlight, Dr. Martin Balzan, Head of Pulmonology at Mater Dei Hospital in Malta, shares why he chose Cureus to publish a new perspective on pulmonary embolism and the obesity paradox, highlighting constructive peer review and transparent editorial dialogue.

Learn more about contributing here:
https://hubs.la/Q040v-pL0

01/27/2026

Sleeve gastrectomy can drive major weight loss, but long-term success depends on lifestyle changes, not the operating room alone. This PRISMA-guided systematic review + meta-analysis (RCTs, 2014–2025) analyzed 31 studies of adults with obesity who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and received post-op lifestyle interventions.

What the evidence shows (save this):

Combined interventions led to greater weight loss (reported ~5%–30% decrease)
Improvements in BMI, fat mass, body composition
Better cardiometabolic profiles vs usual care
Technology-supported strategies (wearables + apps) helped boost adherence + longer-term efficacy
Long-term weight maintenance still remained difficult

Meta-analysis effect sizes:
High weight reduction group: 2.56 (2.15–2.88)
Low weight reduction group: 1.88 (1.76–1.91)
Moderate heterogeneity (I² 18%–46%)

Takeaway:
Sleeve gastrectomy + structured lifestyle support works better than surgery alone, and tech + behavior change tools may strengthen long-term results.

Let’s talk honestly:
After bariatric surgery, what do you think matters most for keeping weight off long-term?
1) Structured nutrition follow-up
2) Exercise programming
3) Behavioral therapy
4) Tech tools (apps/wearables)
5) All of the above, but adherence is hardest

Comment 1–5 + one reason

Read more here: https://www.cureus.com/articles/371399-the-impact-of-sleeve-gastrectomy-combined-with-lifestyle-interventions-on-anthropometric-and-health-outcomes-in-adults-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

01/26/2026

Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (AA/AD) can be sudden and fatal, and early detection is everything.

This case report describes something highly unusual:
Linear white (high echo intensity) thrombi extending from the right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV) appeared to pe*****te the wall of the ascending aorta (AAo), creating a cleft in an area with possible medial degeneration.

Even more striking:
Treatment with dabigatran and edoxaban was associated with partial resolution of the linear thrombi and healing of the cleft.

Takeaway (save this):
This report raises a provocative possibility: if very small “clefts” can be identified early, they could represent an early-stage target for AA/AD prevention research.

Clinician question:
Do you think micro-structural findings like this represent:
1) A real early pathogenesis clue
2) An imaging phenomenon we need to interpret cautiously
3) A new hypothesis worth studying prospectively

Comment 1 / 2 / 3 + why (one sentence)

Read more here: https://www.cureus.com/articles/454745-dabigatran-and-edoxaban-in-the-repair-of-an-abnormal-cleft-in-the-right-wall-of-the-ascending-aorta-a-case-report?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

01/25/2026

Precision oncology depends on tumor genomic profiling, and broad NGS assays like FoundationOne®CDx (F1CDx) are increasingly used to guide targeted therapy. This retrospective study from an Indian oncology center analyzed 115 adults who underwent F1CDx testing across diverse solid tumors (most commonly breast, GI, lung, and gynecologic cancers).

What stood out:

Tumors showed distinct patterns but converged on key pathways:
MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RTK, DNA repair, cell cycle
Report-level therapy suggestions included:
FDA-approved therapies relevant to tumor type: 41.7%
Tumor-agnostic or off-label therapies: 50.4%

Takeaway:

Broad NGS can reveal a wide spectrum of actionable alterations, but the study also highlights that “actionable” often reflects biological/report-level actionability, and only a subset may be guideline-endorsed + accessible in real-world settings.

Let’s discuss (oncology community):
When you see an “actionable alteration” on NGS, what’s the biggest real-world barrier?
1) Access/cost
2) Evidence strength
3) Patient eligibility/performance status
4) Timing (too late in treatment course)

Comment 1–4 + your reason
Save this for tumor board discussions.

Read more here: https://www.cureus.com/articles/455781-comprehensive-genomic-profiling-across-diverse-solid-tumors-a-real-world-experience-from-india-with-foundationonecdx-testing?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=articlepromotion #!/

01/24/2026

Overactive bladder (OAB) is usually treated by targeting the detrusor muscle, anticholinergics, β3-agonists, and intradetrusor botulinum toxin (BTX) injections. But what happens when symptoms persist?

This case highlights a sensory-focused alternative. A 72-year-old woman with long-standing refractory OAB had only partial and short-lived improvement after repeated intradetrusor BTX injections.

She then underwent endoscopic topical application (ETA) of BTX, delivered directly to the trigone under air cystoscopy, a region rich in superficial afferent sensory networks.

What changed?

Improved urgency
Reduced nocturia
Fewer episodes of urgency urinary incontinence
Increased voided volume
No significant complications (only transient urethral pain)

The takeaway:

This case supports the idea that in some patients, OAB may be driven more by sensory hyperexcitability than detrusor overactivity. Intradetrusor injections may not adequately reach superficial afferent pathways, while trigone-targeted ETA therapy may modulate them more effectively.

Are we overtreating the muscle and undertreating the sensory system in OAB?
Should trigone-targeted approaches be considered earlier in refractory cases?

Urologists and pelvic floor specialists, how do you approach patients who “fail” standard BTX?

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q03_4xJR0

01/23/2026

Cholera continues to surge in settings where sanitation breaks down, especially during rainy seasons, flooding, and humanitarian crises. This ICU-based study from South India (Bengaluru) followed 20 adults diagnosed with cholera who presented with acute gastroenteritis, and the findings are both sobering and reassuring.

What the study found:

100% had watery diarrhea
Median stool frequency: ~10/day (mean 12.6)
Vomiting in most patients
Over half developed acute kidney injury (AKI)
Metabolic acidosis was common
Some patients required vasopressors
IV fluid needs were massive (mean 13.8 L)
ICU stay was short (median 48 hours)

Most importantly: all patients survived to discharge, with no hospital mortality.

Microbiology also showed that all culture-positive isolates were sensitive to tetracycline, highlighting the ongoing role of timely antibiotics alongside aggressive rehydration.

The takeaway:

Cholera still causes severe illness; including shock and AKI, but outcomes can be excellent when clinicians act fast with:

Early suspicion
Aggressive rehydration
Appropriate early antibiotics
Close monitoring for shock and kidney injury

In 2025, is cholera being underestimated outside outbreak headlines?
What matters most for survival: early fluids, early antibiotics, or early ICU escalation?

Share your perspective, especially if you’ve managed cholera in high-volume settings.

Read more here: https://hubs.la/Q03_45C20

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