01/17/2026
The multi-effects of CM on stem cells. Proliferation and differenation: CM promotes stem cell proliferation and differenation through wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK pathways; Stem cell environment: CM contributes to the improvement of stem cell environment by modulating systematic immune status and growth factor; Homing, engraftment and surival: CM improves the homing, engraftment and survival of stem cells; Stem-cell derived exosomes: CM influences the secretion of stem cell-derived exosomes to modulate intercelluler communication; Senescence of stem cells: CM delays the senescence of stem cells under oxidative stress, and supress aging-related peroteins expression; Additional effects: additional effects of CM on stem cells include gene expression, metabolism and cell interaction.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12465768/figure/Fig1/