01/14/2026
HOW IS CANCER RELATED TO FIREFIGHTING?
A number of published scientific studies suggest a link between firefighting and the development of cancer. Thesestudies are considered to be foundational for demonstrating that fire fighters are at a greater risk for cancer than
the general population due to fire fighters’ routine exposure to carcinogenic smoke, soot, and other products of combustion.
These studies all included multiple fire fighters from different departments, and some include multiple countries. As a whole, they examined both the mortality (risk of death) and incidence (risk of developing) cancer.
É€ Cancer Risk Among Career Male and Female Florida Firefighters: Evidence from the Florida Firefighter Cancer
Registry (1981-2014), Lee et al., 2020
É€ Cancer Incidence and Mortality Among Fire Fighters, Jalilian, et al., 2019
É€ Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Fire Fighters: A State-of-the-Art Review and Meta- Analysis, Soteriades, et al.,
2019
É€ Mortality in a Cohort of US Fire Fighters from San Francisco, Chicago and Philadelphia: an Update, Pinkerton, et
al., 2019
É€ Exposure-Response Relationships for Select Cancer and Non-Cancer Health Outcomes in a Cohort of Fire
Fighters from San Francisco, Chicago, and Philadelphia (1950-2009), Daniels, et al., 2015
É€ Mortality and Cancer Incidence in a Pooled Cohort of US Fire Fighters from San Francisco, Chicago and
Philadelphia (1950-2009), Daniels, et al., 2014
É€ Cancer Risk Among Fire Fighters: A Review and Meta-Analysis of 32 Studies, LeMasters, et al., 2006
The Pinkerton study identified that fire fighters have a 9% greater chance of being diagnosed with cancer and a 14% greater chance of dying from cancer than the general U.S. population.
These studies show evidence that fire fighters are at a higher risk for developing certain cancers. This means their risk of developing cancer is higher than those in the general population. For example, when data shows that fire fighters face a 1.53 times greater risk for multiple myeloma compared to those who aren’t fire fighters, this means for every 100 people who contract multiple myeloma, 153 fire fighters contract the disease.