02/16/2024
Raja Yoga Sutras
From Chapter I: Samadhi Pada - The Road to Samadhi
I.17. Vitarka-vichaaraanandaasmitarupaanugamaat samprajnaatah
I.17. Samprajnata samadhi (samadhi with consciousness) is accompanied by reasoning, discernment, bliss and and awareness of individuality. Samprajnata samadhi is not an end in itself, but is a state attained along the path.
There are four kinds of Samadhi:
A. Savitarka: Meditation on elements in worldly time and space.
B. Nirvitarka: Meditation on elements outside of worldly time and space.
C. Sananda: Meditation on mind, accompanied by bliss.
D. Sasmita: A feeling of 'I-ness' with all. An object is no longer an object that is sought, but experienced.
Commentary by Swami Vishnudevananda:
Savitarka Samadhi Meditation is when the mind fixes on gross external worldly elements or objects and meditates on them. This mode of meditation scrutinizes the elements and the Universe so they may yield their secrets and powers to the meditator. Vitarka means "question"; Savitarka, "with question".
Nivitarka Samadhi Meditation is where there is no concentration on worldly elements. Nirvitarka samadhi reaches the center of everything. Logic and reasoning disappears, truth of everything emerges, sense perceptions cannot deceive you.
Sananda Samadhi Meditation is a profound state of concentration is reached, a joy ensues within oneself. The mind is absorbed in this experience of joy. This joy is different and more profound than the joy from sensual worldly objects. In this stage the gross elements and the five elements of the Earth plane cease to exist. Sananda means “with ecstasy”.
Sasmita Samadhi Meditation bestows the knowledge of all experiences. The Self knows the Self. The gross physical body renders useless. This stage finally leads to the development of Asamprajnata Samadhi, also called Nirvikalpa Samadhi - the highest knowledge and bliss where there is no connection to time or space; a higher state of awareness where the ego and samskaras have been dissolved. Patanjali says in Asamprajnata Samadhi / Nirvikalpa Samadhi, the material world becomes a shadow from which you are completely free.
From the book Meditation and Mantras by Swami Vishnudevananda