HSF Equine Nutrition

HSF Equine Nutrition Certified Equine Nutrition Consultant serving Maryland in person, and offering Virtual Consults across the US.

I provide diet & nutrition analyses, diet recommendations, help with weight gain/loss, senior diets, and more.

12/04/2025
12/04/2025
12/03/2025

YOU MIGHT NEED TO SOAK FOR LONGER!!

If I had a pound for every time I've mentioned lately that soaking hay is not done just to reduce sugar content, I'd be rather rich.

We soak hay not only to reduce water soluble carbs (sugar and fructan) but also - importantly - to reduce calories (energy)..

Reducing calories of hay means that more can be fed (better for welfare) whilst still ensuring your horse loses weight (body fat).

Low sugar does not necessarily mean fat loss! Yes, reducing sugar and fructan will contribute to lower calories but the reduction in calories from a hay soak may not just be due to WSC loss.

Only a calorie deficit can cause weight loss.

I'm going to repeat that..

Only. a. calorie. deficit. can. cause. weight. loss.

If your overweight horse or pony is still not losing weight and you can't reduce the amount of hay any more without compromising welfare (gut and psychological health) then soak for longer (max 12 hours).

There are other ways to reduce calorie intake (like replacing some hay with straw), but. ...

We do not soak hay just to reduce sugar content and we might need to soak longer than 1 hour.

Nutritionists know from both research and practice that horses and ponies can easily become obese from forage-only diets, so we do have to take care with the amount of calories (energy) coming from forage, without half-starving them to keep them healthy.

Please share to help me spread the word!

Thank you
🐴🍏

12/02/2025

THE COLD WEATHER IS UPON US! ❄️

Are you familiar with the many adaptations that help your horse stay warm during the cold winter months?

🌾 Hindgut digestion of hay produces the most heat, acting as a small furnace inside of the horse. This is why free choice; good quality hay is so important in the winter.

💪 Horses have a huge muscle mass and muscle activity produces heat. This includes running and playing and even shivering if their body temperature starts to drop. It is important to remember that these activities also will result in a bigger caloric demand so free choice hay and in some cases, grain, is often needed.

🧥 To blanket or not to blanket is a constant debate but either way, as it starts to get cold your horse will grow a thicker coat. If you decide to leave your horse unblanketed you may notice that they look “fluffy”. This is due to a phenomenon called piloerection where the hair stands up to better trap air within. Two layers of the coat also help with warmth. The inner layer is softer and has air pockets to create an insulating layer. The outer layer is coarse and has oils that keep moisture from penetrating the insulating layer and keep the horse warm.

⚖️ Wild horses go into the winter heavier than ideal, and the fat serves as an extra layer of insulation. However, if a horse is going to be kept heavily blanketed and in a barn during the cold weather months this is unnecessary and can lead to obesity related issues.

🦵Their distal limbs (below the knees and hocks) are made of mostly bones and tendons, tissues that are resistant to the cold temperatures.

🦶The hooves have an alternative route of blood circulation through larger vessels that can be used in low temperatures. This is why horses can stand in snow without detrimental effects.

👃A horse’s nose has a robust blood supply and is rounded so that it is less susceptible to frostbite than a human’s nose.

Courtesy of the AAEP Horse Owner Education Committee

12/02/2025
12/02/2025

Eat hay or use shelter - does it have to be a choice?

A large number of barns still avoid putting hay inside shelters. Some don't do it out of habit - "we never have and the horses are fine", others have space restriction when there is only 1 shelter and only a large round bale. For barns with track systems, food in the shelters is a not accepted because they want to keep horses moving.
Our track system is designed for movement, because it is so vital to a horse's well being. But welfare is not achieved by making horses choose between comfort and food.

Most days our horses will travel the entire 2.5 kms track, browse at our different stations, and move naturally between resources. Well placed hay stations encourage this without any pressure. Movement happens because the environment supports it.

Bad weather changes the equation, especially in the colder regions like ours. When rain, wind, or cold create real discomfort, horses seek shelter. They are not being lazy and they are not avoiding movement. They are using the environment the way a prey animal is designed to. They are conserving heat, avoiding harsh wind, or staying dry to protect their skin and thermoregulation.

If there is no hay in the shelters under these conditions, horses must choose between staying comfortable and eating. Which is a bit of a contradiction because continuous access to forage is essential for horses to stay warm, and to support gut function. Sudden or sustained cold spells can stress horses digestive system.

Offering hay inside shelters during severe weather allows horses to meet both needs at once. They can stay dry and warm while maintaining steady forage intake. When the weather improves they leave the shelter on their own and resume normal movement patterns.

Supporting natural behaviour means adapting to the conditions in front of us. Most days we encourage movement by spacing forage. On the hard days we prioritise comfort and welfare by ensuring hay is available where the horses actually choose to be.
The picture below shows how hay nets for squares can provide forage without taking up too much space.

To start off the wet season here's a video of Fred's hair keeping him naturally dry, which we'll talk about more as the ...
12/01/2025

To start off the wet season here's a video of Fred's hair keeping him naturally dry, which we'll talk about more as the season goes on! ☔️

11/29/2025

The cases are located in Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Colorado, New Mexico, Washington, Arizona, and South Dakota.

11/29/2025

Just because we can doesn't mean we should 🐴

A common theme with the horses I go out to see is that they have been given the “all clear” by vets/bodyworkers/various other professionals. Therefore the owner logically assumes they are definitely dealing with a behavioural issue as they have done all of the things they’re supposed to do as a caring owner.

Unfortunately diagnostics can be very limited and people seem to have trouble seeing the whole horse. Just because you haven’t found a solid cause yet doesn’t mean the horse isn’t in pain. Horses don’t lie and if they are behaving like they’re in pain I believe them. There is more to pain than hocks, kissing spine or ulcers and bute doesn't magically remove any pain that may be present.

With permission, I’m going to tell you a story which is unfortunately not an unusual one. I was called out to this horse as he had a “fear” of being mounted, but they said he was fine once they were on and they were jumping him competitively up to 1.20m. They had done x-rays of his back, stifles and hocks and scoped him for ulcers. A physio had also seen him and said they found no issues. The owner had tried every training method under the sun to fix this behaviour, pressure/release, chasing him around with a flag, clicker training, putting him against the wall, having someone hold a lick in front of his face etc. The horse was still biting, swinging away and becoming really agitated. I observed him being ridden and he was showing several conflict behaviours, tail swishing, unhappy in the mouth, head tossing etc. I didn’t do any training with the horse, to my eye the horse was definitely in pain and I referred them onto a recommended specialist vet. Upon investigation this horse had extensive arthritis in his neck and issues in his spine that had not been picked up by the first vet.

Horses are so, so stoic and we are also rubbish as an industry at seeing discomfort in them because it is so normalised. We see them as “fine” to ride as long as they aren’t actively decking us. We ignore them until they’re screaming and even then many do not listen because it is justified away as “quirky” or “sassy” behaviour.

Imaging is only useful if the person reading it has the skill to do so well and I have experience of one vet saying x-rays are fine then a second-opinion specialist vet making a pretty devastating diagnosis from the same images.

I am not saying we all need to spend thousands at the vet immediately, a huge part of what I do is gently, quietly improving posture and emotional health to see if we can start to help the horse feel and move better over time, but a hill I absolutely will die on is if the horse is unhappy with any part of tacking up/mounting then we do not ride the horse that day.

There are so many things we can do beyond just medicating and cracking on, if we can all learn a bit more about recognising postural issues and behavioural indicators we can potentially avoid a lot of heartache and frustration.

The industry as a whole is blind to postural issues, I’m still seeing horses regularly who have been “cleared” by several professionals who I find with saddle shaped dips in their back and incredibly poor hoof balance which is going to make their body really uncomfortable. Yet the owner has been told again and again the horse is fine and they need to crack on and get a trainer out, and then the training methods make the posture even worse…

If your horse goes to the back of the stable when you arrive with your tack, you need to restrain him in cross ties or he repeatedly moves away from the mounting block, I encourage you to think about why that is. There is a reason he doesn’t want to, be it physical or emotional discomfort with the situation. Making him move his feet and harassing him until his only option is to stand still isn’t going to change those feelings. A horse complying once you’re in the saddle does not mean they’re fine with it, they just know they have no choice once you’re on because nobody has ever listened to the no. 🐴

11/29/2025

✨️ Featured in Issue 8 ✨️

Hay is a fundamental requirement when using a track system, encouraging our horses to move from station to station and fulfilling their nutritional needs in a species appropriate way. So what happens when your horse loses their ability to eat said hay?

Track systems don't suddenly lose their benefits when our equines lose their teeth or grinding surface. In fact, some may argue movement and careful management in their older age is even more important.

Inside Issue 8, you'll find out how exactly how PB Paddock Paradise Livery altered their track to cater to dentally challenged horses, what and how they feed and how they introduce horses into this lifestyle.

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Issue 8 will be available from the 1st December 2025.

Pre-order a limited print now (available worldwide) or subscribe to access Issue 8 upon release and all past issues digitally - www.happytrackinmagazine.com

11/28/2025

Reach out to book a consult with me anytime between now and Saturday 11/29 to get $20 off a nutrition consult!!! 🍽️ 🦃

It's a great time to evaluate your horse before winter! 🥶 ❄️

*Consultation request must be made this week, actual appointment dates will vary*

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Sparks, NV

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