10/22/2025
📚 Reading doesn’t just inform us — research shows it rewires our brains.
Here's how reading changes the way we think, perceive, and participate in society.
Reading isn’t just a gateway to information—it physically and cognitively reshapes the human brain.
According to psychologist Falk Huettig and colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, literacy transforms how we perceive the world, process emotions, and store and retrieve memories.
Though written language is a relatively recent human invention, learning to read activates a wide network of brain functions including visual recognition, phonological awareness, working memory, and predictive thinking. In fact, good readers outperform illiterate individuals in tasks like verbal memory, categorization, and even interpreting visual sequences or spatial orientation—skills critical far beyond the written word.
This cognitive transformation has broader societal implications.
As UNESCO estimates that 15% of the global population remains illiterate, researchers argue that literacy is essential not just for personal empowerment but for a functioning democracy.
José Morais of the University of Brussels emphasizes that reading underpins the ability to engage in critical thinking, analyze complex problems, and make informed decisions. In this sense, widespread literacy supports public discourse and participatory governance. From the way we analyze images to how we vote, reading fundamentally shapes how we think—and how societies function.
Huettig, F. et al. (2018). The effects of literacy on cognition and brain functioning. Max Planck Society.