01/02/2026
For decades, the message was loud and clear: depression = chemical imbalance.
But in 2022, Moncrieff et al. published an umbrella review in Molecular Psychiatry showing there’s no convincing evidence that serotonin levels or activity are associated with depression. (Nature)
Antidepressants do outperform placebo, but Khan et al. (2015) showed the difference is modest: ~40% respond to meds vs ~30% to placebo (PMC).
Other meta-analyses confirm the reductions in symptoms are often below “clinically meaningful” thresholds (BioMed Central).
This isn’t about dismissing anyone’s experience.
It’s about recognising that the healing you achieved was your work — not marketing slogans, not a serotonin story that never held up.
And if diagnosis growth keeps rising the way it has, soon everyone will wear a mental illness label.
We deserve better than myths. We deserve mental health built on truth.