03/26/2022
Woman Medical Pioneer : meet Joycelyn Elders
Most notably known for being the first African American surgeon general.
Joycelyn Elders grew up in a large family in a poor part of Arkansas, and she often missed school to help her sharecropper parents work in the fields. Decades later, she became the first African American surgeon general of the United States and the second woman to hold that position.
Elders did not see a doctor until she was 16 years old, and when she did, she knew she wanted to be one.
After serving in the Army, she enrolled at the University of Arkansas Medical School with funding from the GI Bill, and she graduated in 1960 as the only woman in her class. She went on to become the first board-certified pediatric endocrinologist in Arkansas and to focus on preventing pregnancy among teens with diabetes.
In 1987, Elders was chosen to run the Arkansas Department of Health. In that role, she logged many impressive achievements, including nearly doubling childhood immunizations, expanding the state’s prenatal care program, and increasing supports for elderly and terminally ill patients.
These and many other successes led to Elders’ appointment as surgeon general in 1993. However, Elders was forced to resign in 1994 after coming under fire for several controversial statements on such topics as s*x education, ma********on, and the distribution of condoms in public schools.
After leaving her position, Elders returned to her alma mater as a faculty researcher and professor at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. Over the years, she has also crisscrossed the country speaking out about women’s health and other issues. Throughout, she has advocated for those with limited access to care. As she famously said, “Health is more than absence of disease; it is about economics, education, environment, empowerment, and community.”