16/01/2026
Not Everyone Who Treats Mental Illness Is Allowed To..
In South Africa, it is illegal for an unregistered person to diagnose or treat mental illness — even if they call themselves a therapist, coach, or trauma specialist.
If someone is treating depression, anxiety, trauma, or other psychological disorders, the law is clear:
👉 They must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA).
Who May Legally Treat Mental Illness?
Only professionals who are HPCSA-registered and practising within their legal scope.
This means they must have suitable training and experience. Not all Psychologists are qualified to work with bipolar disorder for example. General practitioners are also limited in what they might work with and should refer to Psychiatrists.
Registered counsellors don't diagnose and are limited to screening, support, and referral).
HPCSA registration determines both who may practise and what they may lawfully do, as each professional category has a defined scope of practice under South African law. Registration means training, regulation, and legal accountability.
Who May NotTreat Mental Illness?
The following may not legally diagnose or treat mental illness:
* Life or trauma coaches
* Spiritual or energy healers
* Unregistered counsellors or “therapists”
* Anyone using protected titles without HPCSA registration
Training, certificates, or overseas courses do not replace HPCSA registration.
When Is It a Criminal Offence?
Under the Health Professions Act 56 of 1974, it is a criminal offence to:
Practise or advertise mental-health treatment without HPCSA registration
Use protected professional titles unlawfully. This can lead to prosecution, fines, or imprisonment.
Protect Yourself:
Visit the link to verify any practitioner before starting treatment: https://hpcsaonline.custhelp.com/app/i_reg_form
If they are not on the HPCSA register, they may not legally treat mental illness.
Bottom line:
Mental illness must be treated by HPCSA-registered professionals acting within their scope. It is against the law for anyone else to do so.